Required Readings

Session 1 - From Private Language to Secret Law:  Does the Concept of Law Require a Public Social Practice?

1. Selections from Wittgenstein’s Investigations - The Private Language Argument Excerpt #243-271
2. “Private Language”, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
3. Julian Sanchez, “Wittgenstein, Private Language, and Secret Law”
4. Brian Bix, Secrecy and the Nature of Law
5. Duncan MacIntosh, Logically Private Laws
6. Meir Dan Cohen, Acoustic Separation Excerpt 625 - 637

Session 2 - Executive Branch Secret Practices and their Conformity to the Rule of Law

1. Christopher Kutz, “The Repugnance of Secret Law”
2. Michael Skerker, “A Foundation for Government Secrecy”
3. Peter M. Shane, “Executive Branch Self-Policing in Times of Crisis: The Challenges for Conscientious Legal Analysis”
4. U.S. Department of Justice, Legal Authorities Supporting the Activities of the National Security Agency Described by the President

Session 3 - The National Security Agency and the Concept of Privacy

1. Anita Allen, The Virtuous Spy: Privacy as an Ethical Limit
2. Anita Allen, Privacy Law and Society, P 458-461
3. George Lucas, NSA Management Directive #424:  Secrecy and Privacy in the Aftermath of Snowden
4.  Joint Statement for the Record On Potential Changes to the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) 

Session 5- Criminal Suspects and Private Citizens:  Inroads on Governmental Spying

1. Robert Litt, “Privacy, Technology and National Security:  An Overview of Intelligence Collection”
2. In re Electronic Privacy Information Center, Cato Institute Brief of Amicus Curiae
3. Supreme Court of the United States, United States v. Jones
4. Excerpts from U.S. Government’s briefs in ACLU v. Clapper, No. 13-cv-03994 (S.D.N.Y.)
5. Brian Decker, “The War of Information: The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act, Hamdan v. Rumsfeld, and the President’s Warrantless-Wiretapping Program”
6. Alison Smale & David Sanger, “Spying Scandal Alters U.S. Ties With Allies and Raises Talk of Policy Shift”, N.Y. Times, Nov. 11, 2013

Session 6 - Spying and the Judiciary:  FISA and Other Special Courts

1. David Linnan, Deliberative Democracy Versus the Rule of Law:  Rasterfahndung and German Anti-terrorism Versus US Intel Approaches
2. CRC Report 40138, Amendments to the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act
3. CRC report 42725, Reauthorization of the FISA Amendments Act
4. Title 50 of USC, Presidential Findings
5. An Overview of FISA Reform Options on Capitol Hill (Nov 3, 2013)

Session 7 - Circumventing the National Security State:  Private Interest and Access to Information

1. David Pozen, The Leaky Leviathan: Why the Government Condemns and Condones Unlawful Disclosures of Information
2.Geoffrey R. Stone, “Prosecuting the Press for Publishing Classified Information”
3. Kevin Govern, On the Very Idea of Compelling Business Secrecy Through the Law:  Obligations and Imperatives Regarding Privacy, Business Data Integrity Preservation, and Identity Theft Prevention
4. “C.I.A. Is Said to Pay AT&T for Call Data” NYT, Nov 7, 2013
5. NSA Surveillance: Telecom Companies Spend Millions Lobbying Congress To Protect Their Interests, Huffington Post, Nov 6, 2013
6. “AT&T, Verizon, Sprint Are Paid Cash By NSA For Your Private Communications” Forbes, Sept, 23, 2013