Required Readings

Session 1: Security, Law and Non-Binding Norms in Space: From Peace to Conflict

• “1967 Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space”, United Nations Office of Outer Space Affairs
• Blount, P.J., “Peaceful Purpose for the Benefit of All Mankind: The Ethical Foundations of Space Security” (9 pages)
• Hitchens, Theresa, “The Role of Norms and Transparency and Confidence-Building in Space Governance” (abstract)
• Cassandra Steer, “Overview of the Existing Mechanisms of Global Space Governance”, in: Ram Jakhu and Joe Pelton (ed.s), Global Space Governance: An International Study, (Springer, 2017) (36 pages)

Session 2: Strategic Space and Ethical Space Security

• Grego, Laura, “Space and Crisis Stability”, Union for Concerned Scientists (14 pages)
• Johnson-Freese, Joan and Kenneth Smith, “U.S. Space Dominance: An Ethics Lens” (30 pages)
• Garrett Harding, “The Tragedy of the Commons” Science 162 (1968) 1243-1248
• Smith, Mary Campbell, “Translator’s Introduction to Immanuel Kant’s “Perpetual Peace”

Session 3: Commercial Actors and Space Security

• “State of the Satellite Industry Report”, Satellite Industry Association, June 2017.
• Govern, Kevin, “Securing Space By Contract: Ethical and Legal Governance for Privatized Outer Space Security.”

Session 4: Intelligence and Space-Based Technologies

• Hendrix, Jerry and Adam Routh, “A Space Policy for the Trump Administration”, Center for a New American Security, Oct 2017. (19 pages)
• Swarts,Philip, “Buck calls for more space intelligence positions”, Spacenews, 14 April 2017, http://spacenews.com/buck-calls-for-more-space-intelligence-positions/ (634 words)

Session 5: Use of Force Applied to Space

• Fukushima, Yasuhito, “Debates over the Military Value of Outer Space in the Past, Present and the Future: Drawing on Space Power Theory in the U.S.”
• Jackson N Maogoto & Steven Freeland, “Space Weaponization and the United Nations Charter Regime on Force”, The International Lawyer 41:4 (WINTER 2007) 1091, pp 1098-1119 (21 pages – the full article is 30 pages)

Session 6: Law of Armed Conflict Applied to Space

• Dale Stephens and Cassandra Steer, “Conflicts in Space: International Humanitarian Law and its Application to Space Warfare”, McGill Annals of Air and Space Law, Vol XL, (2015)

Session 7: Harnessing International Co-Operation

• Doucet, Gilles, “A Proposed TCBM to Increase Security and Stability in Outer Space” (10 pages)
• Kealotswe, Icho, “The Rule of Law in Outer Space- A Call for International Cooperation,” Mar 2018. (18 pages)
• MacIntosh, Duncan. “The Convergence of National Rational Self-Interest and Justice in Space Policy; Extending the Contractarian Reduction of Morality to Rationality Into The Final Frontier”. (abstract)
• Meyer, Paul, “Diplomacy: The Missing Ingredient in Space Security”. (abstract)