HARMONIZED UNIFORM PARTNERSHIP
ACT (1997)
(Amendments to Uniform Partnership Act (1997))
NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF COMMISSIONERS
ON UNIFORM STATE LAWS
For January 28 - 30, 2011 Drafting Committee Meeting
Without Prefatory Note
and with Reporters’ Notes
COPYRIGHT © 2011
By
NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF
COMMISSIONERS
ON UNIFORM STATE LAWS
The ideas
and conclusions set forth in this draft, including the proposed statutory
language and any comments or reporter’s notes, have not been passed upon by the
National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws or the Drafting
Committee. They do not necessarily
reflect the views of the Conference and its Commissioners and the Drafting
Committee and its Members and Reporters.
Proposed statutory language may not be used to ascertain the intent or
meaning of any promulgated final statutory proposal.
DRAFTING COMMITTEE ON HARMONIZATION OF BUSINESS ENTITY ACTS
The
Committee appointed by and representing the National Conference of
Commissioners on Uniform State Laws in preparing this Act consists of the
following individuals:
HARRY J. HAYNSWORTH, 2200 IDS Center, 80 S. 8th St., Minneapolis, MN 55402, Chair
WILLIAM H. CLARK, One Logan Square, 18th and
Cherry Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19103-6996, Vice-Chair
ANN E. CONAWAY, Widener University School of Law, 4601 Concord Pike, Wilmington, DE 19803
THOMAS E. GEU, University of South Dakota School of Law, 414 Clark St., Suite 214, Vermillion, SD 57069-2390
DALE G. HIGER, 1302 Warm Springs Ave., Boise, ID 83712
JAMES C. MCKAY, Office of the Attorney General for the District of Columbia, 441 Fourth St. NW, 6th Floor S., Washington, DC 20001
MARILYN E. PHELAN, 306 Peninsula Ct., Granbury, TX 76048
WILLIAM J. QUINLAN, Two First National Plaza, 20 S. Clark St., Suite 2900, Chicago, IL 60603
KEVIN P. SUMIDA, 735 Bishop St., Suite 411, Honolulu, HI 96813
JUSTIN L. VIGDOR, 2400 Chase Sq., Rochester, NY 14604
DAVID S. WALKER, Drake University Law School, 2507 University Ave., Des Moines, IA 50311
CARTER G. BISHOP, Suffolk University Law School, 120
Tremont St., Boston, MA 02108-4977, Co-Reporter
DANIEL S. KLEINBERGER, William Mitchell College of
Law, 875 Summit Ave., St. Paul, MN 55105, Co-Reporter
EX OFFICIO
ROBERT A. STEIN, University of Minnesota Law
School, 229 19th Ave. S., Minneapolis, MN 55455, President
MARILYN E. PHELAN, 306 Peninsula Ct., Granbury, TX 76048, Division Chair
AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION ADVISOR
ROBERT R. KEATINGE, 555 17th St., Suite 3200, Denver, CO 80202-3979, ABA Advisor
WILLIAM J. CALLISON, 3200 Wells Fargo Center, 1700 Lincoln St., Denver, CO 80203, ABA Section Advisor
ALLAN G. DONN, Wells Fargo Center, 440 Monticello
Ave., Suite 2200, Norfolk, VA 23510-2243, ABA
Section Advisor
WILLIAM S. FORSBERG, 150 S. Fifth St., Suite 2300, Minneapolis, MN 55402-4238, ABA Section Advisor
BARRY B. NEKRITZ, 8000 Willis Tower, 233 S. Wacker Dr., Chicago, IL 60606, ABA Section Advisor
JAMES J. WHEATON, 222 Central Park Ave., Suite
2000, Virginia Beach, VA 23462, ABA
Section Advisor
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
JOHN A. SEBERT, 111 N. Wabash Ave., Suite 1010, Chicago, IL 60602, Executive Director
Copies of this Act may be obtained from:
NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF COMMISSIONERS
ON UNIFORM STATE LAWS
111 N. Wabash Ave., Suite 1010
Chicago, Illinois 60602
312/450-6600
HARMONIZED UNIFORM PARTNERSHIP ACT (1997)
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
Introductory
Reporters’ Notes........................................................................................ 1
[ARTICLE] 1
GENERAL PROVISIONS
SECTION 101. DEFINITIONS.................................................................................... 2
SECTION 102. KNOWLEDGE; AND NOTICE......................................................... 6
SECTION 103. EFFECT OF PARTNERSHIP
AGREEMENT; NONWAIVABLE PROVISIONS SCOPE, FUNCTION, AND LIMITATIONS.......................... 8
SECTION 104.
PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT; EFFECT ON PARTNERSHIP AND PERSONS BECOMING PARTNERS.................................................. 12
SECTION 105.
PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT; EFFECT ON THIRD PARTIES AND RELATIONSHIP TO RECORDS EFFECTIVE ON
BEHALF OF PARTNERSHIP................................................................................................ 12
SECTION 104 106.
SUPPLEMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF LAW............................. 13
SECTION 105 107. EXECUTION, DELIVERY,
FILING, AND RECORDING OF STATEMENTS................................................................................................. 14
SECTION 106 108.
GOVERNING LAW.................................................................. 18
SECTION 107. PARTNERSHIP SUBJECT TO
AMENDMENT OR REPEAL OF [ACT]................................................................................................................. 18
[ARTICLE] 2
NATURE OF PARTNERSHIP
SECTION 201. PARTNERSHIP AS ENTITY........................................................... 20
SECTION 202. FORMATION OF
PARTNERSHIP................................................. 20
SECTION 203. PARTNERSHIP PROPERTY........................................................... 21
SECTION 204. WHEN PROPERTY IS
PARTNERSHIP PROPERTY................... 21
[ARTICLE] 3
RELATIONS OF PARTNERS TO PERSONS DEALING WITH PARTNERSHIP
SECTION 301. PARTNER AGENT OF
PARTNERSHIP........................................ 23
SECTION 302. TRANSFER OF
PARTNERSHIP PROPERTY............................... 23
SECTION 303. STATEMENT OF
PARTNERSHIP AUTHORITY......................... 24
SECTION 304. STATEMENT OF DENIAL.............................................................. 29
SECTION 305. PARTNERSHIP LIABLE FOR
PARTNER’S ACTIONABLE CONDUCT....................................................................................................... 30
SECTION 306. PARTNER’S LIABILITY................................................................ 30
SECTION 307. ACTIONS BY AND AGAINST
PARTNERSHIP AND PARTNERS...................................................................................................... 31
SECTION 308. LIABILITY OF PURPORTED
PARTNER..................................... 32
[ARTICLE] 4
RELATIONS OF PARTNERS TO EACH OTHER AND TO PARTNERSHIP
SECTION 401. PARTNER’S RIGHTS AND
DUTIES............................................. 34
SECTION 402. BECOMING
A PARTNER.............................................................. 36
SECTION 403. FORM OF
CONTRIBUTION.......................................................... 36
SECTION 404. LIABILITY FOR
CONTRIBUTION............................................... 37
SECTION 402 405. DISTRIBUTIONS
IN KIND SHARING OF AND RIGHT TO
DISTRIBUTIONS BEFORE DISSOLUTION............................................... 37
SECTION 406.
LIMITATIONS ON DISTRIBUTIONS OF A LIMITED LIABILITY PARTNERSHIP.......................................................................... 38
SECTION 407. LIABILITY
FOR IMPROPER DISTRIBUTIONS OF A LIMITED LIABILITY PARTNERSHIP.......................................................................... 40
SECTION 403 408. PARTNER’S RIGHTS OF
PARTNERS AND DISSOCIATED PARTNERS
DUTIES WITH RESPECT TO INFORMATION..................... 41
SECTION 404 409. GENERAL STANDARDS OF PARTNER’S CONDUCT CONDUCT
FOR PARTNERS......................................................................... 44
SECTION 405 410.
ACTIONS BY PARTNERSHIP AND PARTNER.................. 46
SECTION 406 411.
CONTINUATION OF PARTNERSHIP BEYOND DEFINITE TERM OR PARTICULAR
UNDERTAKING................................................ 47
[ARTICLE] 5
TRANSFERABLE INTERESTS AND RIGHTS OF TRANSFEREES AND CREDITORS OF
PARTNER
SECTION 501. PARTNER NOT CO-OWNER
OF PARTNERSHIP PROPERTY. 48
SECTION 502. PARTNER’S NATURE
OF TRANSFERABLE INTEREST IN PARTNERSHIP................................................................................................ 48
SECTION 503. TRANSFER OF PARTNER’S TRANSFERABLE INTEREST..... 48
SECTION 504. PARTNER’S TRANSFERABLE INTEREST SUBJECT TO
CHARGING ORDER...................................................................................... 50
SECTION 505. POWER OF
PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE OF DECEASED PARTNER......................................................................................................... 52
[ARTICLE] 6
PARTNER’S DISSOCIATION
SECTION 601. EVENTS CAUSING
PARTNER’S DISSOCIATION.................... 53
SECTION 602. PARTNER’S POWER TO
DISSOCIATE; WRONGFUL DISSOCIATION.............................................................................................. 56
SECTION 603. EFFECT OF PARTNER’S PERSON’S
DISSOCIATION AS A PARTNER......................................................................................................... 57
[ARTICLE] 7
PARTNER’S DISSOCIATION WHEN BUSINESS NOT WOUND UP
SECTION 701. PURCHASE OF
DISSOCIATED PARTNER’S INTEREST......... 59
SECTION 702. DISSOCIATED PARTNER’S
POWER TO BIND AND LIABILITY TO PARTNERSHIP.................................................................... 61
SECTION 703. DISSOCIATED PARTNER’S
LIABILITY TO OTHER PERSONS............................................................................................................................ 62
SECTION 704. STATEMENT OF
DISSOCIATION................................................ 62
SECTION 705. CONTINUED USE OF
PARTNERSHIP NAME........................... 63
[ARTICLE] 8
DISSOLUTION AND WINDING UP
SECTION 801. EVENTS CAUSING
DISSOLUTION AND WINDING UP OF PARTNERSHIP BUSINESS........................................................................... 64
SECTION 802. PARTNERSHIP CONTINUES AFTER DISSOLUTION WINDING UP.................................................................................................. 66
SECTION 803. RIGHT TO WIND UP
PARTNERSHIP BUSINESS...................... 66
SECTION 804. PARTNER’S POWER TO
BIND PARTNERSHIP AFTER DISSOLUTION................................................................................................ 67
SECTION 805. STATEMENT OF
DISSOLUTION.................................................. 67
SECTION 806. PARTNER’S LIABILITY TO
OTHER PARTNERS AFTER DISSOLUTION................................................................................................ 68
SECTION 807. SETTLEMENT OF ACCOUNTS DISTRIBUTIONS
AND CONTRIBUTIONS AMONG PARTNERS UPON WINDING UP.............. 68
SECTION 808. KNOWN CLAIMS AGAINST A
DISSOLVED LIMITED LIABILITY PARTNERSHIP.......................................................................... 70
SECTION 809. OTHER CLAIMS AGAINST
DISSOLVED LIMITED LIABILITY PARTNERSHIP................................................................................................ 71
SECTION 810. COURT PROCEEDINGS................................................................. 73
[ARTICLE] 9
CONVERSIONS AND MERGERS
MERGERS, INTEREST EXCHANGES, CONVERSIONS AND DOMESTICATIONS
SECTION 901. DEFINITIONS.................................................................................. 75
SECTION 902. CONVERSION OF
PARTNERSHIP TO LIMITED PARTNERSHIP MERGER.............................................................................. 77
SECTION 903. CONVERSION OF LIMITED
PARTNERSHIP TO PARTNERSHIP ACTION
ON PLAN OF MERGER BY CONSTITUENT PARTNERSHIP................................................................................................ 79
SECTION 904. EFFECT OF CONVERSION;
ENTITY UNCHANGED FILINGS
REQUIRED AND PERMITTED FOR MERGER; EFFECTIVE DATE...... 80
SECTION 905. MERGER OF
PARTNERSHIPS EFFECT OF MERGER........... 82
SECTION 906. EFFECT OF MERGER CONVERSION......................................... 85
SECTION 907. STATEMENT OF MERGER ACTION ON PLAN OF CONVERSION BY CONVERTING
PARTNERSHIP................................. 88
SECTION 908.
FILINGS REQUIRED FOR CONVERSION; EFFECTIVE DATE.NONEXCLUSIVE............................................................................... 89
SECTION 909.
EFFECT OF CONVERSION........................................................... 91
SECTION 910.
DOMESTICATION.......................................................................... 92
SECTION 911.
ACTION ON PLAN OF DOMESTICATION BY DOMESTICATING PARTNERSHIP............................................................. 93
SECTION 912.
FILINGS REQUIRED FOR DOMESTICATION; EFFECTIVE DATE................................................................................................................ 94
SECTION 913.
EFFECT OF DOMESTICATION..................................................... 95
SECTION 914.
RESTRICTIONS ON APPROVAL OF MERGER, CONVERSION, AND DOMESTICATION................................................................................ 97
SECTION 915.
AMENDMENT OR ABANDONMENT OF PLAN OF MERGER, CONVERSION, DOMESTICATION............................................................. 97
SECTION 908 916.
NONEXCLUSIVE [ARTICLE] NOT EXCLUSIVE............... 99
[PART] 1
GENERAL PROVISIONS
SECTION 901. DEFINITIONS.................................................................................. 99
SECTION 902. RELATIONSHIP OF
[ARTICLE] TO OTHER LAWS................ 106
SECTION 903. REQUIRED NOTICE OR
APPROVAL....................................... 107
SECTION 904. STATUS OF FILINGS.................................................................... 107
SECTION 905. NONEXCLUSIVITY...................................................................... 107
SECTION 906. REFERENCE TO EXTERNAL
FACTS........................................ 108
SECTION 907. ALTERNATIVE MEANS OF
APPROVAL OF TRANSACTIONS.......................................................................................................................... 108
SECTION 908.
APPRAISAL RIGHTS.................................................................... 108
[PART] 2
MERGER
SECTION 921.
MERGER AUTHORIZED.............................................................. 109
SECTION 922.
PLAN OF MERGER....................................................................... 110
SECTION 923. APPROVAL OF MERGER............................................................ 111
SECTION 924. AMENDMENT OR
ABANDONMENT OF PLAN OF MERGER.......................................................................................................................... 111
SECTION 925. STATEMENT OF MERGER;
EFFECTIVE DATE....................... 113
SECTION 926. EFFECT OF MERGER................................................................... 114
[PART] 3
INTEREST EXCHANGE
SECTION 931. INTEREST EXCHANGE
AUTHORIZED.................................... 117
SECTION 932. PLAN OF INTEREST
EXCHANGE............................................. 118
SECTION 933. APPROVAL OF INTEREST
EXCHANGE.................................. 119
SECTION 934. AMENDMENT OR
ABANDONMENT OF PLAN OF INTEREST EXCHANGE.................................................................................................. 120
SECTION 935. STATEMENT OF INTEREST
EXCHANGE; EFFECTIVE DATE.......................................................................................................................... 121
SECTION 936. EFFECT OF INTEREST
EXCHANGE......................................... 122
[PART] 4
CONVERSION
SECTION 941.
CONVERSION AUTHORIZED.................................................... 124
SECTION 942. PLAN OF CONVERSION............................................................. 124
SECTION 943. APPROVAL OF
CONVERSION.................................................. 125
SECTION 944. AMENDMENT OR
ABANDONMENT OF PLAN OF CONVERSION.............................................................................................. 126
SECTION 945. STATEMENT OF
CONVERSION; EFFECTIVE DATE............. 128
SECTION 946. EFFECT OF CONVERSION......................................................... 129
[PART] 5
DOMESTICATION
SECTION 951. DOMESTICATION
AUTHORIZED............................................. 131
SECTION 952. PLAN OF DOMESTICATION...................................................... 132
SECTION 953. APPROVAL OF
DOMESTICATION........................................... 133
SECTION 954. AMENDMENT OR
ABANDONMENT OF PLAN OF DOMESTICATION........................................................................................ 134
SECTION 955. STATEMENT OF
DOMESTICATION; EFFECTIVE DATE...... 135
SECTION 956. EFFECT OF
DOMESTICATION................................................... 136
[ARTICLE] 10
LIMITED LIABILITY PARTNERSHIP
SECTION 1001. STATEMENT OF
QUALIFICATION......................................... 139
SECTION 1002. REGISTERED AGENT................................................................ 140
SECTION 1003. CHANGE OF REGISTERED AGENT OR ADDRESS FOR REGISTERED AGENT................................................................................. 141
SECTION 1004. RESIGNATION OF REGISTERED AGENT............................. 141
SECTION 1005. SERVICE OF PROCESS,
NOTICE OR DEMAND................... 142
SECTION 1002 1006.
NAME................................................................................... 143
SECTION 1003 1007.
ANNUAL REPORT FOR SECRETARY OF STATE........ 144
[ARTICLE] 11
FOREIGN LIMITED LIABILITY PARTNERSHIP
SECTION 1101. LAW GOVERNING FOREIGN
LIMITED LIABILITY PARTNERSHIP.............................................................................................. 148
SECTION 1102. REGISTRATION TO DO
BUSINESS IN THIS STATE............ 149
SECTION 1103. EFFECT OF FAILURE TO
QUALIFY....................................... 149
SECTION 1104. ACTIVITIES NOT
CONSTITUTING TRANSACTING BUSINESS...................................................................................................... 150
SECTION 1103. FOREIGN REGISTRATION
STATEMENT............................... 151
SECTION 1104. AMENDMENT OF FOREIGN
REGISTRATION STATEMENT.......................................................................................................................... 151
SECTION 1105. ACTIVITIES NOT
CONSTITUTING DOING BUSINESS...... 152
SECTION 1106. NONCOMPLYING NAME OF
FOREIGN LIMITED LIABILITY PARTNERSHIP.............................................................................................. 153
SECTION 1107. WITHDRAWAL DEEMED ON
CONVERSION TO DOMESTIC FILING ENTITY OR DOMESTIC LIMITED LIABILITY PARTNERSHIP.......................................................................................................................... 154
SECTION 1108. WITHDRAWAL ON
CONVERSION TO NONFILING ENTITY OTHER
THAN LIMITED LIABILITY PARTNERSHIP............................ 154
SECTION 1109. TRANSFER OF
REGISTRATION.............................................. 155
SECTION 1110. TERMINATION OF
REGISTRATION....................................... 156
SECTION 1102 1111. STATEMENT
OF FOREIGN QUALIFICATION WITHDRAWAL OF REGISTRATION OF REGISTERED
FOREIGN ENTITY........................................................................................................... 158
SECTION 1105 1112.
ACTION BY [ATTORNEY GENERAL]........................... 160
[ARTICLE] 12
MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
SECTION 1201. UNIFORMITY OF
APPLICATION AND CONSTRUCTION. 161
SECTION 1202. SHORT TITLE................................................................................ 161
SECTION 1202. RELATION TO
ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES IN GLOBAL AND NATIONAL COMMERCE ACT......................................................... 161
SECTION 1203. SEVERABILITY CLAUSE......................................................... 161
SECTION 1204. EFFECTIVE DATE....................................................................... 161
SECTION 1205. REPEALS...................................................................................... 161
SECTION 1206 1203. APPLICABILITY
TO EXISTING RELATIONSHIPS..... 162
SECTION 1207 1204.
SAVINGS CLAUSE............................................................ 162
SECTION 1208 1205.
EFFECTIVE DATE.............................................................. 163
SECTION 1209 1206.
REPEALS............................................................................. 163
SECTION 1210. APPLICABILITY......................................................................... 163
SECTION 1211. SAVINGS CLAUSE..................................................................... 164
SECTION 1208. PARTNERSHIP SUBJECT
TO AMENDMENT OR REPEAL OF [ACT]............................................................................................................... 164
The proposed revisions to the text of the act set forth in this document have been prepared as part of a project that has two purposes: (i) to harmonize the language of all of the unincorporated entity laws, and (ii) to revise the language of each of those acts in a manner that permits their integration into a single code of entity laws.
The Reporters’ Notes in this document are limited to explaining the source of certain of the proposed changes. Following the approval of the changes in this document by the Conference, the Reporters’ Notes will be replaced with more usual comments that explain the provisions of the act.
The harmonization process has involved the revision of the following acts, some of which are referred to in the Reporters’ Notes by the abbreviations listed below:
HUB Business Organizations Act
META Model Entity Transactions Act
MORAA Model Registered Agents Act
UPA Uniform Partnership Act (1997)
ULPA Uniform Limited Partnership Act (2001)
ULLCA Uniform Limited Liability Company Act (2006)
USTEA Uniform Statutory Trust Entity Act
Coop Act Uniform Limited Cooperative Association Act
UUNAA Uniform Unincorporated Nonprofit Association Act (2008)
Changes to the
currently effective text of the act are shown by striking through text to be
deleted and underlining text to be added. Black type is used to show
changes that adopt language from the HUB, META, or MORAA, or are merely
relocations of current language or corrections to cross references. Changes that adopt
language from other unincorporated entity laws are shown in blue type. Changes that do not
have a source in one of the existing unincorporated entity laws are shown in
red type.
HARMONIZED UNIFORM PARTNERSHIP ACT
(1997)
SECTION 101.
DEFINITIONS. In
this [Act] [act]:
(1) “Business” includes every trade, occupation, and profession.
(2) “Contribution”, except in the phrase “right of
contribution”, means a benefit provided by a person to a partnership to become
a partner or in the person’s capacity as a partner.
(2)
(3) “Debtor in bankruptcy” means a person who that is the subject of:
(i) (A) an order for
relief under Title 11 of the United States Code or a comparable order under a
successor statute of general application; or
(ii) (B) a comparable order under federal,
state, or foreign law governing insolvency.
(3) (4)
“Distribution”, except as otherwise provided in
Section 405(b), means a transfer of money or other property from a
partnership to a partner in the partner’s capacity
as a partner or to the partner’s transferee
a person on account of a transferable interest or in the person’s capacity
as a partner. The term includes:
(A) a
redemption or other purchase by a partnership of a transferable interest; and
(B) a
transfer to a partner in return for the partner’s relinquishment of any right
to:
(i) participate as a
partner in the management or conduct of the partnership’s business; or
(ii) have access to records or
other information concerning the partnership’s business.
(4) (5) “Foreign
limited liability partnership” means a partnership
that: (i) is an unincorporated
entity formed under laws other than the
laws of this State the law of a
jurisdiction other than this state and (ii)
has the status of denominated by that
law as a limited liability partnership under
those laws.
(5) (6)
“Limited liability partnership”, except in the
phrase “foreign limited liability partnership”, means a partnership
that has filed a statement of qualification under Section 1001 and does not
have a similar statement in effect in any other jurisdiction.
(7)
“Partner” means a person that has become a partner of a partnership under
Section 402 and has not dissociated under Section 601.
(6) (8)
“Partnership” means an association of two or more persons to carry on as
co-owners a business for profit formed under Section 202, predecessor law, or
comparable law of another jurisdiction and having
at least two partners upon formation.
(7)
(9) “Partnership agreement” means the agreement, whether written, oral, or implied, among the partners concerning the
partnership, including amendments to the partnership agreement or not referred to as a partnership agreement and whether
oral, in a record, implied, or in any combination thereof, of all the partners
of a partnership concerning the matters described in Section 103(a). The term
includes the agreement as amended or restated.
(8) (10)
“Partnership at will” means a partnership in which the partners have not agreed
to remain partners until the expiration of a definite term or the completion of
a particular undertaking.
(9) “Partnership interest” or “partner’s interest in the
partnership” means all of a partner’s interests in the partnership, including
the partner’s transferable interest and all management and other rights.
(10) (11) “Person”
means an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership,
association, joint venture, government, governmental subdivision, agency, or
instrumentality, or any other legal or commercial entity “Person” means
an individual, business corporation, nonprofit corporation, partnership,
limited partnership, limited liability company, [general
cooperative association,] limited cooperative association,
unincorporated nonprofit association, statutory trust, business trust,
common-law business trust, estate, trust, association, joint venture, public
corporation, government or governmental subdivision, agency, or
instrumentality, or any other legal or commercial entity.
(12)
“Principal office” means the principal executive office of a partnership or a
foreign limited liability partnership, whether or not the office is located in
this state.
(11)
(13) “Property” means all property, real, personal, or mixed, or
tangible or intangible, or any right or interest therein.
(14)
“Record”, used as a noun, means information that is inscribed on a tangible
medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in
perceivable form.
(15)
“Registered agent” means an agent of a limited liability partnership or foreign
limited liability partnership which is authorized to receive service of any
process, notice, or demand required or permitted by law to be served on the
partnership.
(16) “Sign” means, with the present intent to authenticate
or adopt a record:
(A) to execute or adopt a
tangible symbol; or
(B) to attach to or logically
associate with the record an electronic symbol, sound, or process.
(12)
(17)
“State” means a State state of the United States, the District of
Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin
Islands, or any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction
of the United States.
(13) “Statement” means a statement of partnership authority
under Section 303, a statement of denial under Section 304, a statement of
dissociation under Section 704, a statement of dissolution under Section 805, a
statement of merger under Section 907, a statement of qualification under
Section 1001, a statement of foreign qualification under Section 1102, or an
amendment or cancellation of any of the foregoing.
(14)
(18)
“Transfer” includes an assignment, conveyance, sale, lease, mortgage, deed,
encumbrance, including a mortgage or security
interest, a gift, and transfer or vesting by operation of law.
(19)
“Transferable interest” means the right, as initially owned by a person in the
person’s capacity as a partner, to receive distributions from a partnership in
accordance with the partnership agreement, whether or not the person remains a partner
or continues to own any part of the right.
The term applies to any fraction of the interest, by whomever owned.
(20) “Transferee” means a person to which all or part of a
transferable interest has been transferred, whether or not the transferor is a
partner. The term includes a person that owns a transferable interest under
Section 603(b)(3).
Contribution – conformed to ULPA.
Debtor in bankruptcy – conformed to harmonized HUB § 1-102.
Designated office – Deleted in recognition that it is no longer appropriate to require a domestic entity to have an office, in addition to a registered agent, within the state.
Distribution – The new language is to make explicit that redemptions constitute distributions. The phrase “participate in the management or conduct of the partnership’s business or have access to records or other information concerning the partnership’s business” is taken from Section 502(a)(3) (describing the realm of governance rights not available to a transferee).
Partnership – Strictly speaking, the added language is redundant because Section 201 provides that a partnership is not formed until, upon formation, the partnership has at least two partners. Thus a partnership “formed under this act” will always have at least two partners upon formation. The language conforms to RULLCA definition of an LLC.
Person – conformed to harmonized HUB § 1-102.
Property – patterned after harmonized HUB § 1-102.
Registered agent – patterned after HUB § 1-102(40).
Statement – Deleted as unnecessary and not present in other Acts.
Transfer – Changes inspired by HUB § 1-102, with the language further refined by use of gerunds and the express inclusion of both of the two most common types of encumbrances (i.e., security interests as well as mortgages). The word “vesting” is added to the January 2011 draft to help make clear that a merger involves a transfer by operation of law. This point is necessary to protect the act’s transfer restrictions from being evaded when a member that is an entity transfers its interest via a merger.
Transferable interest – The second sentence is new and intended to make clear that fractional interest in a transferable interest are themselves transferable interests.
Transferee – The referenced provision states that a person dissociated as a member is treated as a transferee of the person’s own transferable interest. The general definition of transferee does not capture that situation, because in that situation the ownership of the transferable interest does not shift. Instead, all governance rights disappear.
(a) A person knows a fact if when the person:
(1) has actual knowledge of it; or
(2) is
deemed to know it under subsection (d)(1) or law other than this [act].
(b) A
person has notice of a fact if when the person:
(2) has
received a notification of it; or
(3) (1) has reason to know it exists the fact
from all of the facts known to the person at the time in question; or
(2) is
deemed to have notice of the fact under subsection (d)(2).
(c) A person notifies or gives a notification to another of a fact by
taking steps reasonably required to inform the other person in ordinary course,
whether or not the other person learns of it knows the fact.
(d) A
person receives a notification when the
notification that is not a partner is
deemed:
(1) comes
to the person’s attention; or to know of
a limitation on authority to transfer real property as provided in Section
303(e); and
(2) is
duly delivered at the person’s place of business or at any other place held out
by the person as a place for receiving communications to have notice of a partnership’s:
(A) dissolution 90 days after a statement of dissolution under
Section 805 becomes effective; and
(B) merger, conversion, or domestication 90 days after
articles of merger, conversion, or domestication under [Article] 9 become
effective.
(e)
Except as otherwise provided in subsection (f), a person other than an
individual knows, has notice, or receives a notification of a fact for purposes
of a particular transaction when the individual conducting the transaction
knows, has notice, or receives a notification of the fact, or if any event when
the fact would have been brought to the individual’s attention if the person had exercised reasonable
diligence. The person exercises
reasonable diligence if it maintains reasonable routines for communicating
significant information the the individual conducting the transaction and there
is reasonable compliance with the routines.
Reasonable diligence does not require an individual acting for the
person to communicate information unless the communication is part of the
individual’s regular duties or the individual has reason to know of the
transaction and that the transaction would be materially affected by the
information.
(f) (e) A partner’s knowledge, notice, or receipt
of a notification of a fact relating to the partnership is effective
immediately as knowledge by, notice to, or receipt of a notification by the
partnership, except in the case of a fraud on the partnership committed by or
with the consent of that partner.
Section 102 is harmonized with RULLCA Section 103. Section 102(d)(2) omits the RULLCA Section 103(d)(2)(B) reference to a statement of termination. Section 102(e), formerly RUPA Section 102(f), is retained even though not present in RULLCA because unlike a RULLCA member, a RUPA partner is a statutory agent of the partnership solely by reason of being a partner.
(a)
Except as otherwise provided in subsection subsections
(b), (c), and (d),
relations among the partners and between the partners
and the partnership are governed by the partnership agreement. To the extent
the partnership agreement does not otherwise provide, this [Act] governs
relations among the partners and between the partners and the partnership the partnership agreement governs:
(1) relations among the partners as partners and
between the partners and the partnership;
(2) the
business of the partnership and the conduct of that business; and
(3) the
means and conditions for amending the partnership agreement.
(b) To the extent the partnership agreement does not
otherwise provide for a matter described in subsection (a), this [act] governs
the matter.
(b)
(c) The
A partnership agreement may not:
(1) vary the rights and
duties under Section 105 107 except to
eliminate the duty to provide copies of statements to all of the partners;
(2)
vary the law applicable under Section 108;
(3) vary a partnership’s capacity under Section 307 to sue and be sued in its own name;
(2) (4)
unreasonably restrict the right of access to books and records under duties and rights stated in Section 403(b)
408, but may impose reasonable
restrictions on the availability and use of information obtained under that
section and may define appropriate remedies, including liquidated damages, for
a breach of any reasonable restriction on use;
(3) (5) eliminate the duty
of loyalty under Section 404(b) or 603(b)(3), but: all fiduciary duties but, if
not manifestly unreasonable may:
(A) restrict or eliminate the aspects of the duty of loyalty stated in Section 409(b);
(i) (B) the
partnership agreement may identify specific types or categories of
activities that do not violate the duty of loyalty;
(ii) all of the partners or a number or percentage specified
in the partnership agreement may authorize or ratify, after full disclosure of
all material facts, a specific act or transaction that otherwise would violate
the duty of loyalty;
(4) (C)
unreasonably reduce alter the duty of care under Section 404(c) or 603(b)(3) 409(c),
except to authorize intentional misconduct or
knowing violation of law; and
(D) alter any other fiduciary duty, including eliminating
particular aspects of that duty;
(5) (6) eliminate the contractual
obligation of good faith and fair dealing under Section 404(d) 409(d),
but if not manifestly unreasonable the partnership agreement may prescribe the
standards by which to measure the
performance of the that obligation is
to be measured, if the standards are not manifestly unreasonable;
(6) (7)
vary the power to dissociate as a partner under Section 602(a), except to
require the notice under Section 601(1) to be in writing;
(7) (8) vary the right of a court to expel a partner
in the events specified in Section 601(5);
(8) (9) vary the requirement
to wind up right of a court to dissolve
the partnership business in cases specified in Section 801(4), (5),
or (6), except to provide for arbitration of claims
seeking dissolution under those provisions;
(9) vary the law applicable to a
limited liability partnership under Section 106(b) 108;
(10)
vary the rights of a partner under Section 914; or
(10) (11) restrict rights of third parties
under this [Act]
[act] of a person other than a partner.
(d)
Subject to subsection (c), without limiting the terms that may be included in
an operating agreement:
(1) the partnership agreement may specify the method by
which a specific act or transaction that would otherwise violate the duty of
loyalty may be authorized or ratified by one or more disinterested and
independent persons after full disclosure of all material facts.
(2) To the extent the partnership agreement expressly relieves a partner of a responsibility that the partner would otherwise have under this [act] and imposes the responsibility on one or more other partners, the partnership agreement may, to the benefit of the partner that the partnership agreement relieves of the responsibility, also eliminate or limit any fiduciary duty that would have pertained to the responsibility.
(3) The partnership agreement may eliminate or limit a partner’s liability to the partnership and partners for money damages, whether directly or by providing indemnification therefore, except for:
(A) breach of the duty of loyalty;
(B) a financial benefit received by the partner to which the partner is not entitled;
(C) a breach of duty under Section 407;
(D) intentional infliction of harm on the partnership or a
partner; or
(E) an intentional violation of criminal law.
(e) The court shall decide any claim under subsection (c)(5)
or (6) that a term of a partnership agreement is manifestly unreasonable. The
court:
(1)
shall make its determination as of the time the challenged term became part of
the operating agreement and by considering only circumstances existing at that
time; and
(2) may
invalidate the term only if, in light of the purposes and activities of the
partnership, it is readily apparent that:
(A) the objective of the term is unreasonable; or
(B) the term is
an unreasonable means to achieve the provision’s objective.
Section 103 conformed to RULLCA Section 110. Like RULLCA Sections 110-113, RUPA has two other sections specifically regarding the scope and function of the partnership agreement. Accordingly, the title of RUPA Section 103 was conformed to RULLCA Section 110. Sections 103(a)(2)-(3) are clarifications from RULLCA Section 110(a). Section 103(c)(9) eliminated the reference to subsection (b) of Section was eliminated because Section 106 has been substantially rewritten.
(a) A partnership is bound by and may enforce the
partnership agreement, whether or not
the partnership has itself manifested assent to the partnership
agreement.
(b)
A person that becomes a partner of a partnership is deemed to assent to the
partnership agreement.
(c) Two or more
persons intending to become the initial members of a partnership may make an
agreement providing that upon the formation of the partnership the agreement
will become the partnership agreement.
Section 104 is new and conforms to RULLCA Section 111. Subsection (c) may well be rare considering many “inadvertent” partnerships but it does permit flexible beginnings.
(a) A partnership agreement may specify that its amendment
requires the approval of a person that is not a party to the partnership
agreement or the satisfaction of a condition.
An amendment is ineffective if its adoption does not include the
required approval or satisfy the specified condition.
(b)
The obligations of a partnership and its partners to a person in the person’s
capacity as a transferee or dissociated partner are governed by the partnership
agreement. Subject only to any court order issued under Section 504(b)(2) to
effectuate a charging order, an amendment to the partnership agreement made
after a person becomes a transferee or dissociated partner is:
(1) effective with regard to any debt, obligation, or other
liability of the partnership or its partners to the person in the person’s
capacity as a transferee or dissociated partner; and
(2) not effective to the extent the amendment imposes a new debt, obligation, or other liability on the transferee or dissociated partner.
(c) If a record that
has been delivered by a partnership to the [Secretary of State] for filing and
has become effective under this [act] contains a provision that would be
ineffective under Section 103(c) if contained in the partnership agreement, the
provision is likewise ineffective in the record.
(d) If a statement
that has been delivered by a partnership to the [Secretary of State] for filing
and has become effective under this [act] conflicts with the provisions of the
partnership agreement:
(1)
the partnership agreement prevails as to partners, dissociated partners,
and transferees; and
(2) the statement prevails as to other persons to the
extent they reasonably rely on the statement.
Section 105 is new and conforms to ULLCA Section 112. Subsection (b) clarifies that a transferee or dissociated partner may not freeze the agreement. The remaining partners are free to amend the partnership agreement. New subsection (b)(2) addresses an issue raised at the “Plumbing Subcommittee” meeting in December 2010. (The issue arose in the context of an extended discussion of “interest holder liability” under META.)
SECTION
104 106. SUPPLEMENTAL
PRINCIPLES OF LAW.
Unless displaced by particular provisions of this [Act] [act],
the principles of law and equity supplement this [Act] [act].
(b) If an obligation to pay
interest arises under this [Act] and the rate is not specified, the rate is
that specified in [applicable statute].
Section 106 deletes subsection (b) and conforms to HUB § 1-702 by eliminating the reference to local statute to specify the interest rate.
(a)
A statement may be filed in the office of [the Secretary of State]. A
certified copy of a statement that is filed in an office in
another State may be filed in the office of [the Secretary of State]. Either filing has the effect provided in this
[Act] with respect to partnership property located in or transactions that
occur in this State. A statement
permitted by this [act] may be delivered to the
[Secretary of State] for filing.
(b) A certified copy of a statement that has been filed in the
office of the [Secretary of State] and recorded in the office for recording
transfers of real property has the effect provided. To be
filed by the [Secretary of State] pursuant to this [act], a statement must be
received by the office of the
[Secretary of State] and must comply with this [act] and satisfy the following:
for recorded statements in this [Act]. A
recorded statement that is not a certified copy of a statement filed in the
office of the [Secretary of State] does not have the effect provided for
recorded statements in this [Act]
(1)
The statement must be physically delivered in written form unless and to the extent the [Secretary of State] permits electronic delivery of
records in other than written form;
(2)
The words in the statement must be in English, and numbers must be in Arabic or
Roman numerals, but the name of the partnership need not be in English if
written in English letters or Arabic or Roman numerals;
(3)
The statement must be signed by a person authorized to sign the statement under subsection (e);
(4) The statement must state the name and capacity, if any,
of the person that signed it but need not contain a seal, attestation,
acknowledgment, or verification.; and
(5) Delivery to the [Secretary of State] is effective only
when the statement is received by the [Secretary of State].
(c) If law
other than this [act] prohibits the disclosure by the [Secretary of State] of
information contained in a statement filed by the [Secretary of State], the
[Secretary of State] shall accept the filing if the filing otherwise complies
with this section but may redact the information.
(d)
When a record is delivered to the [Secretary of State] for filing, any fee
required under this [act] and any fee, tax, or penalty required to be paid
under this [act] or law other than this [act] must be paid in a manner
permitted by the [Secretary of State] or by that law.
(e) The [Secretary of State] may require that a record
delivered in written form to the [Secretary of State] for filing be accompanied
by an identical or conformed copy.
(e) (f) A statement filed
by a partnership must be executed by at least two partners. Other statements must be executed by a
partner or other person authorized by this [Act]. An individual who executes a statement as, or
on behalf of, a partner or other person named as a partner in a statement shall
personally declare under penalty of perjury that the contents of the statement
are accurate. A statement
delivered to the [Secretary of State] for filing pursuant to this [act] must be
signed, as follows:
(1)
if a partnership statement, by a partner, or that partner’s agent;
(2)
if a statement pertaining to a partner, by that partner, or that partner’s
agent; and
(3)
if any person required to sign a statement or deliver a statement to the
[Secretary of State] for filing under this [act] does not do so, any other
person that is aggrieved may petition the [appropriate court] to order:
(A) the person to sign the
statement;
(B) the person to deliver the
statement to the [Secretary of State] for filing; or
(C) the [Secretary of State] to
file the statement unsigned.
(d)
(g) A person authorized by this [Act ] to file a statement may
amend or cancel the statement by filing an amendment or cancellation that names
the partnership, identifies the statement, and states the substance of the
amendment or cancellation. A statement filing is
effective:
(1) on the date and at the time of its filing by the
[Secretary of State];
(2) on the date of filing and at the time specified in the statement as its effective time, if later than the time under
paragraph (1); or
(3) at a specified delayed effective time and date, which may not be more than 90 days after the date of filing.
(e) (h) A person who files
a statement pursuant to this section shall promptly send a copy of the
statement to every nonfiling partner and to any other person named as a partner
in the statement. Failure to send a copy
of a statement to a partner or other person does not limit the effectiveness of
the statement as to a person not a partner.
A certified copy of a statement that is filed in an office in another
state may be delivered to the [the Secretary of State] for filing. The filing
has the effect provided in this [act] with respect to partnership property
located in or transactions that occur in this state.
(f)
(i) The
[Secretary of State] may collect a fee for filing or providing a certified copy
of a statement. The [officer responsible for recording transfers of real
property] may collect a fee for recording a statement. A certified copy of a statement filed by the [Secretary
of State] and recorded in the office for recording transfers of real property
has the effect provided for recorded statements
in this [act]. A recorded statement that is not a certified copy of a statement
filed by the [Secretary of State] does not have the effect provided for
recorded statements in this [act].
(j) A filed statement may be amended or withdrawn by delivering to the
[Secretary of State] for
filing an amendment or withdrawal signed by a person that
signed the original statement that names
the partnership, identifies the statement, and states the substance
of the amendment or withdrawal.
(h) A person who delivers a statement to the [Secretary of State] for filing
pursuant to this section shall promptly send a copy of the filed statement to
every nonfiling partner and to any other person named as a partner in the
statement. Failure to send a copy of a statement to a partner or other person
does not limit the effectiveness of the statement as to a person not a partner.
Section 107 carries the burden of massive delivery and filing changes to RULLCA §§ 117 and 203-206 also based on the HUB. Section 107 conforms to the basic paradigm that documents are delivered to the filing authority for the filing authority to actually file. HUB Section 1-203 leaves the entity specific filing matters to the entity spoke.
Section 107(b) conforms to HUB Section 1-201 and RULLCA Sections 203-205, as harmonized.
Section 107(f) conforms to RULLCA Section 203 (Signing of Records) and cannot be harmonized with the HUB that presumes this matter is dealt with in the entity spoke.
Section 107(g) conforms to RULLCA Section 206 (harmonized version) and HUB Section 1-203. However, Section 107(g) omits RULLCA Section 206(d)(4) as inapplicable to a partnership.
Section 107(h) restates former Section 105(b) (first sentence).
Section 107(i) restates former Section 105(b) (second sentence).
Section 107(j) restates former Section 105(d) and conforms to RULLCA Section 207 (harmonized version).
Section 107(k) restates former Section 105(e).
SECTION
106 108. GOVERNING LAW. (a) Except as otherwise provided in
subsection (b), the The law of this state, in the case of a
limited liability partnership, or in other cases, the law of the jurisdiction
in which a partnership has its chief executive office governs relations
among the partners and between the partners and the partnership. principal
office governs:
(1)
the internal affairs of the partnership or limited liability partnership; and
(2)
the liability of a partner as a partner for the debts, obligations, and other
liabilities of the partnership or limited liability partnership.
(b)
The law of this State governs relations among the partners and between the
partners and the partnership and the liability of partners for an obligation of
a limited liability partnership.
Section 108 restates prior Section 106 to conform the governing law principles to HUB Section 1-501. Section 108 also rejects the concept of a chief executive office in favor of an expanded concept of a principal office defined in HUB Section 1-102(31).
SECTION 107.
PARTNERSHIP SUBJECT TO AMENDMENT OR REPEAL OF [ACT]. A partnership governed by this [Act] is
subject to any amendment to or repeal of
this [Act]. The [Legislature of this state] has the power to amend or repeal
all or part of this [act] at any time, and all domestic or foreign partnerships
subject to this [act] are governed by the amendment or repeal.
Section 109 conforms prior Section 107 to HUB Section 1-701 but is moved to end of Act.
(a) A partnership is an entity distinct from its partners.
(b) A limited liability partnership continues to be the same entity that existed before the filing of a statement of qualification under Section 1001.
(a) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b), the association of two or more persons to carry on as co-owners a business for profit forms a partnership, whether or not the persons intend to form a partnership.
(b)
An association formed under a statute other than this [Act] [act],
a predecessor statute, or a comparable statute of another jurisdiction is not a
partnership under this [Act] [act].
(c) In determining whether a partnership is formed, the following rules apply:
(1) Joint tenancy, tenancy in common, tenancy by the entireties, joint property, common property, or part ownership does not by itself establish a partnership, even if the co-owners share profits made by the use of the property.
(2) The sharing of gross returns does not by itself establish a partnership, even if the persons sharing them have a joint or common right or interest in property from which the returns are derived.
(3) A person who receives a share of the profits of a business is presumed to be a partner in the business, unless the profits were received in payment:
(i) (A) of a debt
by installments or otherwise;
(ii) (B) for
services as an independent contractor or of wages or other compensation to an
employee;
(iv) (D)
of an annuity or other retirement or health benefit to a beneficiary,
representative, or designee of a deceased or retired partner;
(v) (E) of interest or other
charge on a loan, even if the amount of payment varies with the profits of the
business, including a direct or indirect present or future ownership of the
collateral, or rights to income, proceeds, or increase in value derived from
the collateral; or
(vi) (F)
for the sale of the goodwill of a business or other property by installments or
otherwise.
SECTION 203. PARTNERSHIP PROPERTY. Property acquired by a partnership is property of the partnership and not of the partners individually.
(a) Property is partnership property if acquired in the name of:
(2) one or more partners with an indication in the instrument transferring title to the property of the person’s capacity as a partner or of the existence of a partnership but without an indication of the name of the partnership.
(b) Property is acquired in the name of the partnership by a transfer to:
(1) the partnership in its name; or
(2) one or more partners in their capacity as partners in the partnership, if the name of the partnership is indicated in the instrument transferring title to the property.
(c) Property is presumed to be partnership property if purchased with partnership assets, even if not acquired in the name of the partnership or of one or more partners with an indication in the instrument transferring title to the property of the person’s capacity as a partner or of the existence of a partnership.
(d) Property acquired in the name of one or more of the partners, without an indication in the instrument transferring title to the property of the person’s capacity as a partner or of the existence of a partnership and without use of partnership assets, is presumed to be separate property, even if used for partnership purposes.
SECTION 301. PARTNER AGENT OF PARTNERSHIP. Subject to the effect of a statement of partnership authority under Section 303, the following rules apply:
(1) Each partner is an agent of the partnership for the purpose of its business. An act of a partner, including the execution of an instrument in the partnership name, for apparently carrying on in the ordinary course the partnership business or business of the kind carried on by the partnership binds the partnership, unless the partner had no authority to act for the partnership in the particular matter and the person with whom the partner was dealing knew or had received a notification that the partner lacked authority.
(2) An act of a partner which is not apparently for carrying on in the ordinary course the partnership business or business of the kind carried on by the partnership binds the partnership only if the act was authorized by the other partners.
(a) Partnership property may be transferred as follows:
(1) Subject to the effect of a statement of partnership authority under Section 303, partnership property held in the name of the partnership may be transferred by an instrument of transfer executed by a partner in the partnership name.
(2) Partnership property held in the name of one or more partners with an indication in the instrument transferring the property to them of their capacity as partners or of the existence of a partnership, but without an indication of the name of the partnership, may be transferred by an instrument of transfer executed by the persons in whose name the property is held.
(3) Partnership property held in the name of one or more persons other than the partnership, without an indication in the instrument transferring the property to them of their capacity as partners or of the existence of a partnership, may be transferred by an instrument of transfer executed by the persons in whose name the property is held.
(b) A partnership may recover partnership property from a transferee only if it proves that execution of the instrument of initial transfer did not bind the partnership under Section 301 and:
(1) as to a subsequent transferee who gave value for property transferred under subsection (a)(1) and (2), proves that the subsequent transferee knew or had received a notification that the person who executed the instrument of initial transfer lacked authority to bind the partnership; or
(2) as to a transferee who gave value for property transferred under subsection (a)(3), proves that the transferee knew or had received a notification that the property was partnership property and that the person who executed the instrument of initial transfer lacked authority to bind the partnership.
(c) A partnership may not recover partnership property from a subsequent transferee if the partnership would not have been entitled to recover the property, under subsection (b), from any earlier transferee of the property.
(d) If a person holds all of the partners’ interests in the partnership, all of the partnership property vests in that person. The person may execute a document in the name of the partnership to evidence vesting of the property in that person and may file or record the document.
(a) A
partnership may file deliver to the [Secretary of State] for filing
a statement of partnership authority. which The statement:
(i) (A)
the name of the partnership and the street and
mailing address of its registered agent; and
(ii) (B)
the street and mailing address of its chief executive principal
office and of one office in this State state, if there is one.
(iii) the names and mailing addresses of all of the partners
or of an agent appointed and maintained by the partnership for the purpose of
subsection (b); and
(iv)
the names of the partners authorized to execute an instrument transferring real
property held in the name of the partnership; and
(2) may
state the authority, or limitations on the authority, of some or all of the
partners to enter into other transactions on behalf of the partnership and any
other matter.
(b)
If a statement of partnership authority names an agent, the agent shall
maintain a list of the names and mailing addresses of all of the partners and
make it available to any person on request for good cause shown.
(c) If a filed statement of partnership authority is
executed pursuant to Section 105(c) and states the name of the partnership but
does not contain all of the other information required by subsection (a), the
statement nevertheless operates with respect to a person not a partner as
provided in subsections (d) and (e).
(d)
Except as otherwise provide in subsection (g), a filed statement of partnership
authority supplements the authority of a partner to enter into transactions on
behalf of the partnership as follows:
(1) Except for transfers of real
property, a grant of authority contained in a filed statement of partnership
authority is conclusive in favor of a person who gives value without knowledge
to the contrary, so long as and to the extent that a limitation on that
authority is not then contained in another filed statement. A filed cancellation of a limitation on
authority revives the previous grant of authority.
(2)
A grant of authority to transfer real property held in the name of the
partnership contained in a certified copy of a filed statement of partnership
authority recorded in the office for recording transfers of that real property
is conclusive in favor of a person who gives value without knowledge to the
contrary, so long as and to the extent that a certified copy of a filed
statement containing a limitation on that authority is not then of record in
the office for recording transfers of that real property. The recording in the office for recording
transfers of that real property of a certified copy of a filed cancellation of
a limitation on authority revives the previous grant of authority.
(e)
A person not a partner is deemed to know of a limitation on the authority of a
partner to transfer real property held in the name of the partnership if a
certified copy of the filed statement containing the limitation on authority is
of record in the office for recording transfers of that real property.
(f)
Except as otherwise provided in subsections (d) and (e) and Sections 704 and
805, a person not a partner is not deemed to know of a limitation on the
authority of a partner merely because the limitation is contained in a filed
statement.
(g)
Unless earlier canceled, a filed statement of partnership authority is canceled
by operation of law five years after the date on which the statement, or the
most recent amendment, was filed with the [Secretary of State].
(2) with respect to any
position that exists in or with respect to the partnership, may state the
authority, or limitations on the authority, of all persons holding the position
to:
(A) execute an
instrument transferring real property held in the name of the partnership; or
(B)
enter into other transactions on behalf of, or otherwise act for or bind, the
partnership; and
(3) may
state the authority, or limitations on the authority, of a specific person to:
(A) execute an
instrument transferring real property held in the name of the partnership; or
(B)
enter into other transactions on behalf of, or otherwise act for or bind, the
partnership.
(b) To amend or withdraw a statement of authority filed by
the [Secretary of State] under Section 107(g), a partnership must deliver to
the [Secretary of State] for filing an amendment or withdrawal stating:
(1) the
name of the partnership and the street and mailing address of its registered
agent;
(2) the
street and mailing address of the partnership’s principal office and of one
office in this state, if there is one;
(3) the
date the statement being affected became effective; and
(4) the contents of the amendment
or a declaration that the statement being affected is canceled.
(c) A statement of authority affects only the power of a
person to bind a partnership to persons that are not partners.
(d) Subject to subsection (c)
and Section 102(d) and except as otherwise provided in subsections (f), (g),
and (h), a limitation on the authority of a person or a position contained in
an effective statement of authority is not by itself
evidence of knowledge or notice of the limitation by any person.
(e)
Subject to subsection (c), a grant of authority not pertaining to transfers of
real property and contained in an effective statement of authority is
conclusive in favor of a person that gives value in reliance on the grant,
except to the extent that if the person gives value:
(1) the
person has knowledge to the contrary;
(2) the statement has been canceled
or restrictively amended under subsection (b); or
(3) a
limitation on the grant is contained in another statement of authority that
became effective after the statement containing the grant became effective.
(f) Subject to subsection (c), an effective statement of
authority that grants authority to transfer real property held in the name of
the partnership and that is recorded by certified copy in the office for
recording transfers of the real property is conclusive in favor of a person
that gives value in reliance on the grant without knowledge to the contrary,
except to the extent that when the person gives value:
(1) the
statement has been canceled or restrictively amended under subsection (b) and a
certified copy of the cancellation or restrictive amendment has been recorded
in the office for recording transfers of the real property; or
(2) a limitation on the grant is
contained in another statement of authority that became effective after the
statement containing the grant became effective and a certified copy of the
later-effective statement is recorded in the office for recording transfers of
the real property.
(g)
Subject to subsection (c), if a certified copy of an effective statement
containing a limitation on the authority to transfer real property held in the
name of a partnership is recorded in the office for recording transfers of that real property,
all persons are deemed to know of the limitation.
(h)
Subject to subsection (i), an effective statement of dissolution is a
cancellation of any filed statement of authority for the purposes of subsection
(f) and is a limitation on authority for purposes of subsection (g).
(i) After a statement of dissolution becomes effective, a
partnership may deliver to the [Secretary of State] for filing and, if
appropriate, may record a statement of authority that is designated as a
post-dissolution statement of authority.
(j) Unless canceled earlier, an effective statement of
authority is canceled by operation of law five years after the date on which
the statement or its most recent amendment becomes effective. Cancellation is effective without recording
under subsection (f) or (g).
(k)
An effective statement of denial operates as a restrictive amendment under this
section and may be recorded by certified copy for purposes of subsection
(f)(1).
Section 303 is conformed to RULLCA Section 302.
SECTION 304.
STATEMENT OF DENIAL. A partner or
other person named as a partner in a filed statement of partnership authority
or in a list maintained by an agent pursuant to Section 303(b) may file a
statement of denial stating the name of the partnership and the fact that is
being denied, which may include denial of a person’s authority or status as a
partner. A statement of denial is a limitation
on authority as provided in Section 303(d) and (e). A person named in a filed statement of authority granting
that person authority may deliver to the [Secretary of State] for filing a
statement of denial that:
(1) provides the name of the partnership and the caption of
the statement of authority to which the statement of denial pertains; and
(2) denies the grant of authority.
Section 304 is conformed to RULLCA Section 303.
(a) A partnership is liable for loss or injury caused to a person, or for a penalty incurred, as a result of a wrongful act or omission, or other actionable conduct, of a partner acting in the ordinary course of business of the partnership or with authority of the partnership.
(b) If, in the course of the partnership’s business or while acting with authority of the partnership, a partner receives or causes the partnership to receive money or property of a person not a partner, and the money or property is misapplied by a partner, the partnership is liable for the loss.
(a) Except as otherwise provided in subsections (b) and (c), all partners are liable jointly and severally for all obligations of the partnership unless otherwise agreed by the claimant or provided by law.
(b) A person admitted as a partner into an existing partnership is not personally liable for any partnership obligation incurred before the person’s admission as a partner.
(c) An obligation of a partnership incurred while the
partnership is a limited liability partnership, whether arising in contract,
tort, or otherwise, is solely the obligation of the partnership. A partner is not personally liable, directly
or indirectly, by way of contribution or otherwise, for such an obligation
solely by reason of being or so acting as a partner. A debt, obligation, or other liability of a partnership
incurred while the partnership is a limited liability partnership is solely the
debt, obligation, or other liability of the limited liability partnership. A
partner, manager, agent of the partnership, or agent of a manager is not
personally liable, directly or indirectly, by way of contribution or otherwise,
for a debt, obligation, or other liability of the limited liability partnership
solely by reason of being or acting as a partner, manager, agent of the limited
liability partnership, or agent of a partner or manager. This
subsection applies notwithstanding anything inconsistent in the partnership
agreement that existed immediately before the vote required to become a limited
liability partnership under Section 1001(b).
(d)
The failure of a limited liability partnership to observe any particular
formalities relating to the management of its business is not a ground for
imposing liability on any partner, manager, agent of the partnership, or agent
of a manager, for any debt, obligation, or other liability of the limited
liability partnership.
Section 306(c) is conformed to Trust Act Section 304(e) and RULLCA Section 304. Section 306(d) is conformed to RULLCA Section 304(b).
(a) A partnership may sue and be sued in the name of the partnership.
(b) An action may be brought against the partnership and, to the extent not inconsistent with Section 306, any or all of the partners in the same action or in separate actions.
(c) A judgment against a partnership is not by itself a judgment against a partner. A judgment against a partnership may not be satisfied from a partner’s assets unless there is also a judgment against the partner.
(d) A judgment creditor of a partner may not levy execution against the assets of the partner to satisfy a judgment based on a claim against the partnership unless the partner is personally liable for the claim under Section 306 and:
(1) a judgment based on the same claim has been obtained against the partnership and a writ of execution on the judgment has been returned unsatisfied in whole or in part;
(2) the partnership is a debtor in bankruptcy;
(3) the partner has agreed that the creditor need not exhaust partnership assets;
(4) a court grants permission to the judgment creditor to levy execution against the assets of a partner based on a finding that partnership assets subject to execution are clearly insufficient to satisfy the judgment, that exhaustion of partnership assets is excessively burdensome, or that the grant of permission is an appropriate exercise of the court’s equitable powers; or
(5) liability is imposed on the partner by law or contract independent of the existence of the partnership.
(e) This section applies to any partnership liability or obligation resulting from a representation by a partner or purported partner under Section 308.
(a) If a person, by words or conduct, purports to be a partner, or consents to being represented by another as a partner, in a partnership or with one or more persons not partners, the purported partner is liable to a person to whom the representation is made, if that person, relying on the representation, enters into a transaction with the actual or purported partnership. If the representation, either by the purported partner or by a person with the purported partner’s consent, is made in a public manner, the purported partner is liable to a person who relies upon the purported partnership even if the purported partner is not aware of being held out as a partner to the claimant. If partnership liability results, the purported partner is liable with respect to that liability as if the purported partner were a partner. If no partnership liability results, the purported partner is liable with respect to that liability jointly and severally with any other person consenting to the representation.
(b) If a person is thus represented to be a partner in an existing partnership, or with one or more persons not partners, the purported partner is an agent of persons consenting to the representation to bind them to the same extent and in the same manner as if the purported partner were a partner, with respect to persons who enter into transactions in reliance upon the representation. If all of the partners of the existing partnership consent to the representation, a partnership act or obligation results. If fewer than all of the partners of the existing partnership consent to the representation, the person acting and the partners consenting to the representation are jointly and severally liable.
(c) A person is not liable as a partner merely because the person is named by another in a statement of partnership authority.
(d) A person does not continue to be liable as a partner merely because of a failure to file a statement of dissociation or to amend a statement of partnership authority to indicate the partner’s dissociation from the partnership.
(e) Except as otherwise provided in subsections (a) and (b), persons who are not partners as to each other are not liable as partners to other persons.
(a) Each partner is deemed to have an account that is:
(1)
credited with an amount equal to the money plus the value of any other
property, net of the amount of any liabilities, the partner contributes to the
partnership and the partner’s share of the partnership profits; and
(2) charged with an
amount equal to the money plus the value of any other property, net of the
amount of any liabilities, distributed by the partnership to the partner and
the partner’s share of the partnership losses.
(b) (a) Each
partner is entitled to an equal share of the partnership profits and is
chargeable with a share of the partnership losses in proportion to the
partner’s share of the profits.
(c) (b) A
partnership shall reimburse a partner for any payments payment made and indemnify a partner for liabilities incurred by
the partner in the ordinary course of the
partner’s activities business on behalf
of the partnership or for the preservation of its
business or property, if the partner
complied with Sections 406 and 409 in making the payment.
(c)
A partnership shall indemnify and hold harmless a partner
with respect to any claim or demand against the person and any debt,
obligation, or other liability incurred by the person by reason of the person’s
former or present capacity as partner, if the claim, demand, debt, obligation,
or other liability does not arise from the person’s breach of Section 406 or
409.
(d) In the ordinary course of its business, a partnership may
advance reasonable expenses, including attorney’s fees and costs, incurred by a
partner in connection with a claim or demand against the person by reason of
the person’s former or present capacity as a partner, if the person promises to
repay the partnership if the person ultimately is determined not to be entitled
to be indemnified under subsection (c).
(e)
A partnership may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of a partner of the
partnership against liability asserted against or incurred by the partner in
that capacity or arising from that status even if, under Section 103(d)(3), the
partnership agreement could not eliminate or limit the person’s liability to
the partnership for the conduct giving rise to the liability.
(d) (e) A
partnership shall reimburse a partner for an advance to the partnership beyond
the amount of capital the partner agreed to contribute.
(e)
(f) A payment or advance made by a partner which gives rise to a
partnership obligation under subsection (c) or (d) subsections (b),
(c), or (d) constitutes a loan to the partnership which accrues interest
from the date of the payment or advance.
(f)
(g) Each partner has equal rights in the management and conduct of the
partnership business.
(g)(h) A
partner may use or possess partnership property only on behalf of the
partnership.
(h)(i)
A partner is not entitled to remuneration for services performed for the
partnership, except for reasonable compensation for services rendered in
winding up the business of the partnership.
(i) A person may become a partner only with the consent of
all of the partners.
(j) A
difference arising as to a matter in the ordinary course of business of a
partnership may be decided by a majority of the partners. An act outside the
ordinary course of business of a partnership, and an amendment to
the partnership agreement, and the approval of a
merger, conversion, or domestication may be undertaken only with the
consent of all of the partners.
(k) This section does not affect the obligations of a partnership to other persons under Section 301.
Section 401 is conformed RULLCA by eliminating the concept of a required account to which a partner’s share of partnership items are debited and credited. Like RULLCA, a partnership states a simple default rule that distributions are to be made per capita unless the partnership agreement provides otherwise. Section 401(b) is conformed to RULLCA Section 408(a). Section 401(c) is conformed to RULLCA Section 408(b). Section 401(d) is new and conforms to RULLCA Section 408(c). Section 401(e) is former Section 401(d). Section 401(f) is former Section 401(e), expanded to include other circumstances when a partnership might incur an obligation. Section 401(g) is former Section 401(f). Section 401(h) is former Section 401(g). Section 401(i) is former Section 401(h). Section 401(j) is former Section 401(i). Section 401(k) is former Section 401(j), modified to reference expanded Article 9 and conform to RULLCA Section 407(c)(4). Section 401(l) is former Section 401(k). Prior Section 401(i) is deleted because of new Section 402.
(a) Upon formation of a partnership, a person becomes a
partner under Section 202(a).
(b) After formation of a partnership, a person becomes a
partner:
(1) as
provided in the partnership agreement;
(2) as
the result of a transaction effective under [Article] 9; or
(3) with
the consent of all the partners.
(c) A person may become a partner without acquiring a
transferable interest and without making or being obligated to make a
contribution to the partnership.
Section 402 is new and generally conforms to RULLCA Section 401. The primary exception is that this section does not adopt RULLCA § 401(d)(4) that allows a partnership to continue if within 90 days after the partnership ceases to have at least two partners, specified parties are allowed to designate a partner. Section 402(c) is new, conforms to RULLCA Section 401(e), and expressly permits a person to become a partner without a contribution to the partnership.
SECTION 403. FORM OF CONTRIBUTION. A
contribution may consist of property or other benefit to a partnership,
including money, services performed, promissory notes, other agreements to
contribute money or property, and contracts for services to be performed.
Section 403 is new and generally conforms to RULLCA Section 402. While former RUPA Section 401(a) permitted a contribution to an account, the term contribution or its permitted form was neither described nor defined.
(a)
A person’s obligation to make a contribution to a partnership is not excused by
the person’s death, disability, or other inability to perform personally. If a
person does not make a promised nonmonetary contribution, the person or the person’s estate is
obligated to contribute money equal to the value of the part of the
contribution which has not been made, at the option of the partnership.
(b)
The obligation of a person to make a contribution may be compromised only by
consent of all partners. A creditor of a limited liability partnership which
extends credit or otherwise acts in reliance on an obligation described in
subsection (a) without notice of any compromise under this subsection may
enforce the obligation.
Section 403 is new and generally conforms to RULLCA Section 403 and ULPA 2001 Section 502. Section 403(b) conforms to RULLCA Section 403(b) and ULPA 2001 Section 502(c).
SECTION
402 405. DISTRIBUTIONS IN KIND
SHARING OF AND RIGHT TO DISTRIBUTIONS BEFORE DISSOLUTION. A partner has no right to receive, and may
not be required to accept, a distribution in kind.
(a)
Any distributions made by a partnership before its dissolution and winding up
must be in equal shares among partners, except to the extent necessary to
comply with any transfer effective under Section 503 and any charging order in
effect under Section 504.
(b)
A person has a right to a distribution before the dissolution and winding up of
a partnership only if the partnership decides to make an interim distribution.
A person’s dissociation does not entitle the person to a distribution.
(c)
A person does not have a right to demand or receive a distribution from a
partnership in any form other than money. Except as otherwise provided in
Section 807, a partnership may distribute an asset in kind if each part of the
asset is fungible with each other part and each person receives a percentage of
the asset equal in value to the person’s share of distributions.
(d) If a partner or transferee becomes entitled to receive a distribution,
the partner or transferee has the status of, and is entitled to all remedies
available to, a creditor of the partnership with respect to the distribution.
Section 405 replaces former Section 402 and conforms to RULLCA Section 404. Section 405(b) confirms that a person’s dissociation does not entitle that person to a “distribution” but other rights may be triggered under Article 7 (purchase of partner’s interest).
(a)
In this section, the term “distribution” does not include amounts constituting
reasonable compensation for present or past services or reasonable payments
made in the ordinary course of business under a bona fide retirement plan or
other benefits program.
(b) A limited liability partnership may not make a
distribution if after the distribution:
(1) the
limited liability partnership would not be able to pay its debts as they become
due in the ordinary course of the limited liability partnership’s activities;
or
(2) the limited liability
partnership’s total assets would be less than the sum of its total liabilities
plus the amount that would be needed, if the limited liability partnership were
to be dissolved and wound up at the time of the distribution, to satisfy the
preferential rights upon dissolution and winding up of partners whose
preferential rights are superior to those of persons receiving the distribution.
(c) A limited liability partnership may base a determination
that a distribution is not prohibited under subsection (b) on financial
statements prepared on the basis of accounting practices and principles that
are reasonable in the circumstances or on a fair valuation or other method that
is reasonable under the circumstances.
(d) The effect of a distribution under subsection (b) is
measured:
(1) in
the case of a distribution of indebtedness:
(A)
as of the date the indebtedness is distributed; and again
(B)
as of the date each payment of principal or interest is made with each payment
treated as a distribution; and
(2) in all other cases, as of the date:
(A)
the distribution is authorized, if the payment occurs not later than 120 days
after that date; or
(B)
the payment is made, if the payment occurs more than 120 days after the
distribution is authorized.
(e) A limited liability partnership’s indebtedness, including
indebtedness issued in connection with or as part of a distribution, is not a
liability for purposes of subsection (b) if the terms of the indebtedness
provide that payment of principal and interest are made only to the extent that a distribution could be made under this
section.
(f)
A limited liability partnership’s indebtedness incurred by reason of a
distribution made in accordance with this section has the same priority as the
partnership’s indebtedness to its general, unsecured creditors except to the extent subordinated by agreement.
(g) This section does not apply to distributions under
Section 807.
Section 406 is new. Prior to the LLP amendments to RUPA, a distributions liability rule was not necessary because all partners were liable for all partnership obligations. When the limited liability partnership amendments were added in 1997, the drafting committee considered the matter but in the interest of simplicity preferred to allow fraudulent transfer and conveyance law to solve the problem. Section 406 now conforms to RULLCA Section 405 to make a partner of a limited liability partnership subject to the same liability rules applicable to other entity forms with a liability shield. The phrase “limited liability partnership” is repeated even within a subsection to clarify this section only applies to an LLP and not to a general partnership. For partnerships in transition, the limitation will only apply when a distribution occurred while the entity was a limited liability partnership. Section 406(b)(2) conforms to RULLCA Section 405(2) but without the concept of termination. Section 406 does not apply to distributions made in winding up a limited liability partnership.
(a)
Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b), if a partner of a limited
liability partnership consents to a distribution made in violation of Section
406 and in consenting to the distribution fails to comply with Section 409, the
partner is personally liable to the limited liability partnership for the
amount of the distribution that exceeds the amount that could have been
distributed without the violation of Section 406.
(b) To the extent the
partnership agreement expressly relieves a partner of the authority and
responsibility to consent to distributions and imposes that authority and
responsibility on one or more other partners, the liability under subsection
(a) applies to the other partners and not the partner that the partnership
agreement relieves of authority and responsibility.
(c) A person that receives a
distribution knowing that the distribution to that person was made in violation
of Section 406 is personally liable to the limited liability partnership but
only to the extent that the distribution received by the person exceeded the
amount that could have been properly paid under Section 406.
(d) A person against which an action is commenced because
the person is liable under subsection (a) may:
(1)
implead any other person that is subject to liability under subsection (a) and
seek to enforce a right of contribution from the person; and
(2) implead any person that
received a distribution in violation of subsection (c) and seek to enforce a right of contribution
from the person in the amount the person received in violation of subsection
(c).
(e) An action under this section is barred if not commenced
not later than two years after the distribution.
Section 407 is new and conforms to RULLCA Section 406.
(a) A
partnership shall keep its books and records, if any, at its chief executive
principal office and the following rules
shall apply:
(b) A partnership shall provide partners and their agents
and attorneys access to its books and records. It shall provide former partners
and their agents and attorneys access to books and records pertaining to the
period during which they were partners. The right of access provides the
opportunity to inspect and copy books and records during ordinary business
hours. A partnership may impose a reasonable charge, covering the costs of
labor and material, for copies of documents furnished.
(c)
Each partner and the partnership shall furnish to a partner, and to the legal
representative of a deceased partner or partner under legal disability:
(1)
without demand, any information concerning the partnership’s business and
affairs reasonably required for the proper exercise of the partner’s rights and
duties under the partnership agreement or this [Act] [act]; and
(2) on demand, any other
information concerning the partnership’s business and affairs, except to the
extent the demand or the information demanded is unreasonable or otherwise
improper under the circumstances.
(1) On reasonable notice, a
partner may inspect and copy during regular business hours, at the principal
office or at a reasonable location specified by the partnership, any record
maintained by the partnership regarding the partnership’s business, financial
condition, and other circumstances, to the extent the information is material
to the partner’s rights and duties under the partnership agreement or this
[act].
(2) The
partnership shall furnish to each partner:
(A) without demand,
any information concerning the partnership’s business, financial condition, and
other circumstances which the partnership knows and is material to the proper
exercise of the partner’s rights and duties under the partnership agreement or
this [act], except to the extent the partnership can establish that it
reasonably believes the member already knows the information; and
(B) on demand, any other information concerning the
partnership’s business, financial condition, and other
circumstances, except to the extent the demand or information demanded is
unreasonable or otherwise improper under the circumstances.
(3) The duty to furnish
information under paragraph (2) also applies to each partner to the extent the
partner knows any of the information described in paragraph (2).
(b) On 10 days’ demand made in a record received by a partnership, a dissociated partner may have access to information to which the person was entitled while a partner if the information pertains to the period during which the person was a partner and the person seeks the information in good faith. Within 10 days after receiving a demand, the partnership shall in a record inform the member that made the demand:
(A) of the information that the partnership will provide in
response to the demand and when and where the partnership will provide the
information; and
(B) if the
partnership declines to provide any demanded information, the partnership’s
reasons for declining.
(c) A partnership may charge a person that makes a demand
under this section the reasonable costs of copying, limited to the costs of
labor and material.
(d) A partner or dissociated partner may exercise rights under this section through an agent or, in the case of an individual under legal disability, a legal representative. Any restriction or condition imposed by the partnership agreement or under subsection (f) applies both to the agent or legal representative and the partner or dissociated partner.
(e) The rights under this section do not extend to a person
as transferee.
(f)
In addition to any restriction or condition stated in its partnership
agreement, a partnership, as a matter within the ordinary course of its
business, may impose reasonable restrictions and conditions on access to and
use of information to be furnished under this section, including designating
information confidential and imposing nondisclosure and safeguarding
obligations on the recipient. In a
dispute concerning the reasonableness of a restriction under this subsection,
the partnership has the burden of proving reasonableness.
Section 408 is a modification of former Section 403 and partially conforms to RULLCA Section 410 to the extent those provisions applied to a member-managed limited liability company. Section 408 also incorporates the new reference to principal office and eliminates the concept of chief executive office.
(a) The only fiduciary duties a A partner owes to the partnership and the
other partners are the duty the duties of loyalty and the duty of care set
forth stated in subsections
(b) and (c).
(b) A
partner’s The fiduciary duty of
loyalty to the partnership and the other partners is limited to the
following of a partner includes the duties:
(1) to account to the partnership and hold as trustee for it any property, profit, or benefit derived by the partner:
(A) in the conduct and or winding up of the partnership partnership’s
business;
(B) or derived
from a use by the partner of the partnership partnership’s property; or
(C) including from
the appropriation of a partnership opportunity.
(2) to refrain from dealing with the partnership in the
conduct or winding up of the partnership business as or on behalf of a party person
having an interest adverse to the partnership; and
(3) to
refrain from competing with the partnership in the conduct of the partnership partnership’s
business before the dissolution of the partnership.
(c) A partner’s duty of care to the partnership and the other partners in the conduct and winding up of the partnership business is limited to refraining from engaging in grossly negligent or reckless conduct, intentional misconduct, or a knowing violation of law.
(d) A
partner shall discharge the duties to the partnership and the other partners
under this [Act] [act] or under the partnership agreement and
exercise any rights consistently with the contractual
obligation of good faith and fair dealing.
(e) A partner does not violate a duty or obligation under this
[Act] [act] or under the partnership agreement merely because the
partner’s conduct furthers the partner’s own interest. All of the partners may authorize or ratify, after full
disclosure of all material facts, a specific act or transaction that otherwise
would violate the fiduciary duty of loyalty
(f) A partner may lend
money to and transact other business with the partnership, and as to each loan
or transaction the rights and obligations of the partner are the same as those
of a person who is not a partner, subject to other applicable law. If, as permitted by subsection (e) or the partnership
agreement, a partner enters into a transaction with a partnership that
otherwise would be prohibited by subsection (b)(2), the partner’s rights and
obligations arising from the transaction are the same as those of a person not
a partner.
(g)
It is a defense to a claim under subsection (b)(2) and any comparable claim in
equity or at common law that the transaction was fair to the partnership.
(g) (h) This section applies to a person winding up
the partnership business as the personal or legal representative of the last
surviving partner as if the person were a partner.
Section 408 is a modification of former Section 404. Former Section 404(a) is eliminated thereby freeing the concept of duties to expand. Section 408(b) conforms to RULLCA Section 409(a) and no longer states the duty of loyalty as fiduciary in nature and affirms the stated duties are not exclusive. Otherwise Section 408(b) merely separately states the former components of the referenced former Section 404(b) duties of loyalty. Section 408(c), like RULLCA, clarifies the obligation of good faith and fair dealing is contractual in nature. Section 408(e) clarifies that fairness of the transaction is an ultimate defense to a breach of duty of loyalty specified under Section 408(a)(2).
(a) A partnership may maintain an action against a partner for a breach of the partnership agreement, or for the violation of a duty to the partnership, causing harm to the partnership.
(b) A partner may maintain an action against the partnership or another partner for legal or equitable relief, with or without an accounting as to partnership business, to:
(1) enforce the partner’s rights under the partnership agreement;
(2) enforce the partner’s rights
under this [Act] [act], including:
(i) (A)
the partner’s rights under Sections 401, 403 408, or 404 409;
(ii) (B)
the partner’s right on dissociation to have the partner’s interest in the
partnership purchased pursuant to Section 701 or enforce any other right under
[Article] 6 or 7; or
(iii) (C)
the partner’s right to compel a dissolution and winding up of the partnership
business under Section 801 or enforce any other right under [Article] 8; or
(3) enforce the rights and otherwise protect the interests of the partner, including rights and interests arising independently of the partnership relationship.
(c) The accrual of, and any time limitation on, a right of action for a remedy under this section is governed by other law. A right to an accounting upon a dissolution and winding up does not revive a claim barred by law.
At the March 2010 meeting, the drafting committee discussed and rejected the concept of a RULLCA derivative action. The committee chose to retain the traditional concept of a partner’s right to bring a direct action without a derivative filter. Accordingly, Section 409 is a replica of former Section 405.
(a) If a partnership for a definite term or particular undertaking is continued, without an express agreement, after the expiration of the term or completion of the undertaking, the rights and duties of the partners remain the same as they were at the expiration or completion, so far as is consistent with a partnership at will.
(b) If the partners, or those of them who habitually acted in the business during the term or undertaking, continue the business without any settlement or liquidation of the partnership, they are presumed to have agreed that the partnership will continue.
SECTION 501.
PARTNER NOT CO-OWNER OF PARTNERSHIP PROPERTY. A partner is not a co-owner of
partnership property and has no interest in partnership property which that
can be transferred, either voluntarily or involuntarily.
SECTION
502. PARTNER’S
NATURE OF
TRANSFERABLE INTEREST IN PARTNERSHIP. The only transferable interest of a
partner in the partnership is the partner’s share of the profits and losses of
the partnership and the partner’s right to receive distributions. Except as otherwise provided in Section 504(f), the only part
of a membership that is transferable is the transferable interest. A transferable interest is personal property.
Unlike RUPA, RULLCA Section 102(21) specifically defines the term “transferable interest.” Consequently, revised Section 502 simply confirms that is the only interest of a partner that may be transferred. This conforms RUPA Section 502 to RULLCA Section 501 and ULPA 2001 Section 701.
(a) A
transfer, in whole or in part, of a partner’s
transferable interest in the partnership:
(2) does not by itself cause the a
partner’s dissociation or a dissolution and winding up of the partnership
business; and
(3)
subject to Section 505, does not, as against the other partners or the partnership,
entitle the transferee to:
(A)
during the continuance of the partnership, to
participate in the management or conduct of the partnership partnership’s business; or
(B) business, to
require except as otherwise provided in
subsection (c), have access to records or other information concerning the partnership partnership’s
transactions, or to inspect or copy the partnership books or records business.
(b) A transferee of a partner’s transferable interest in the partnership
has a the
right: (1) to
receive, in accordance with the transfer, distributions to which the transferor
would otherwise be entitled; and
(2) to
receive upon the dissolution and winding up of the partnership business, in
accordance with the transfer, the net amount otherwise distributable to the
transferor; and
(3) (2) to seek under Section 801(6) a judicial
determination that it is equitable to wind up the partnership business.
(c)
In a dissolution and winding up of a partnership,
a transferee is entitled to an account of partnership the partnership’s transactions only from the
date of the latest account agreed to by all of the partners.
(d) Upon transfer, the transferor retains the rights and duties
of a partner other than the interest in distributions transferred. Except as otherwise provided in Section 601(4)(B), when
a partner transfers a transferable interest, the transferor retains the rights
of a partner other than the interest in distributions transferred and retains
all duties and obligations of a partner.
(e) A
partnership need not give effect to a transferee’s rights under this section
until it the
partnership has notice of the transfer.
(f) A transfer of a partner’s transferable interest in the partnership in violation of a restriction on
transfer contained in the partnership agreement is ineffective as to a person
having notice of the restriction at the time of transfer.
(g)
When a partner transfers a transferable interest to a person that becomes a
partner with respect to the transferred interest, the transferee is liable for
the partner’s obligations under Sections
404 and 407(c).
At the March 2010 meeting, the drafting committee rejected the RULLCA Section 502(c) notion that the accounting runs only from the date of dissolution. Therefore, Section 503(c) continues the RUPA concept of dating the accounting from the latest accounting. Section 503(g) follows RULLCA Section 502(h).
(a) On application by a judgment creditor of a partner or of a
partner’s transferee, a court having jurisdiction may charge the transferable
interest of the judgment debtor to satisfy the judgment. The court may appoint
a receiver of the share of the distributions due or to become due to the
judgment debtor in respect of the partnership and make all other orders,
directions, accounts, and inquiries the judgment debtor might have made or
which the circumstances of the case may require. On application by a judgment creditor of a partner or
transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable
interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. A
charging order creates a lien on a judgment debtor’s transferable interest and
requires the partnership to pay over to the person to which the charging order
was issued any distribution that would otherwise be paid to the judgment debtor.
(b) A charging order constitutes a lien on the judgment debtor’s
transferable interest in the partnership.
The court may order a foreclosure of the interest subject to the
charging order at any time. The
purchaser at the foreclosure sale has the rights of a transferee. To the extent
necessary to effectuate the collection of distributions pursuant to a charging
order in effect under subsection (a), the court may:
(c) At any time before foreclosure, an interest charged may
be redeemed:
(1) by
the judgment debtor appoint a receiver
of the distributions subject to the charging order, with the power to make all
inquiries the judgment debtor might have made; and
(2) with
property other than partnership property, by one or more of the other partners;
or make all other orders necessary to
give effect to the charging order.
(3) (c) with
partnership property, by one or more of the other partners with the consent of
all of the partners whose interests are not so charged. Upon a showing that distributions under a
charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the
court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest. The
purchaser at the foreclosure sale obtains only the transferable interest, does
not thereby become a partner, and is subject to Section 503.
(d)
This [Act] does not deprive a partner of a right under exemption laws with
respect to the partner’s interest in the partnership. At any time before
foreclosure under subsection (c), the partner or transferee whose transferable
interest is subject to a charging order under subsection (a) may extinguish the
charging order by satisfying the judgment and filing a certified copy of the
satisfaction with the court that issued the charging order.
(e) This section provides the exclusive remedy by which a
judgment creditor of a partner or partner’s transferee may satisfy a judgment
out of the judgment debtor’s transferable interest in the partnership. At any time before foreclosure under subsection (c), a
partnership or one or more partners whose transferable interests are not
subject to the charging order may pay to the judgment creditor the full amount
due under the judgment and thereby succeed to the rights of the judgment
creditor, including the charging order.
(f)
This [act] does not deprive any partner or transferee of the benefit of any
exemption law applicable to the transferable interest of the partner or
transferee.
(g)
This section provides the exclusive remedy by which a person seeking to enforce
a judgment against a partner or transferee may, in the capacity of judgment
creditor, satisfy the judgment from the judgment debtor’s transferable interest.
Section 504 is substantially restated to conform to RULLCA Section 503, except for a new subsection (f) considering the effect of foreclosing a charging lien against the only member of a single member limited liability company.
SECTION 505. POWER OF PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE OF DECEASED
PARTNER. If a partner dies, the deceased partner’s
personal representative or other legal representative may exercise:
(1) the rights of a transferee as provided in Section 503(c);
and
(2) for purposes of settling the estate, the rights the deceased partner had under Section 408.
Section 505 is new and conforms to RULLCA Section 504.
SECTION 601.
EVENTS CAUSING PARTNER’S DISSOCIATION. A partner person is dissociated as
a partner from a partnership upon the
occurrence of any of the following events when:
(1) the partnership’s having
partnership has notice of the partner’s person’s express will to withdraw as a
partner [upon the date of notice] or on a later date specified by the partner but,
if the person specified a withdrawal date later than the date the partnership
had notice, on that later date;
(2)
an event agreed
to stated in the partnership agreement as causing the partner’s person’s
dissociation as a partner occurs;
(3)
the partner’s expulsion person is expelled as a partner pursuant to
the partnership agreement;
(4)
the partner’s expulsion person is expelled as a partner by the
unanimous vote of the other partners if:
(i)
(A) it is unlawful to carry on the partnership partnership’s business with that the person as a
partner;
(ii)
(B) there has been a transfer of all or
substantially all of that the partner’s transferable interest in the partnership, other than:
(i) a transfer for security purposes; or
(ii) a court order charging the partner’s interest charging
order in effect under Section 504 which has not been foreclosed;
(iii) within 90
days after the partnership notifies a corporate partner that it will be expelled
because it has filed a certificate of dissolution or the equivalent, its
charter has been revoked, or its right to conduct business has been suspended
by the jurisdiction of its incorporation, there is no revocation of the
certificate of dissolution or no reinstatement of its charter or its right to
conduct business; or the person is a
corporation and, within 90 days after
the partnership notifies the person that it will be expelled as a member
because the person has filed a certificate of dissolution or the equivalent,
its charter has been revoked, or its right to conduct business has been
suspended by the jurisdiction of its incorporation, the certificate of
dissolution has not been revoked or its charter or right to conduct business
has not been reinstated; or
(iv)
the person is a limited liability company or
a partnership that is a partner has been
dissolved and its whose business is being wound up;
(5)
on application by the partnership or another
partner, the partner’s expulsion,
the person is
expelled as a partner by judicial determination order because the person:
(i)(A)
the partner has
engaged or is engaging in wrongful
conduct that has adversely and
materially affected, or will affect, the
partnership business;
(ii)(B)
the partner has
willfully or persistently committed, or is
willfully and persistently committing, a material breach of the
partnership agreement or of a duty the person’s duties or obligations owed to the
partnership or the other partners under Section 404 408;
or
(iii)
(C) the partner has engaged, or
is engaging, in conduct relating to the partnership partnership’s business which makes it not
reasonably practicable to carry on the partnership with the partner business with the person as a partner;
(i)
(A) becoming a debtor in bankruptcy;
(ii)(B) executing
an assignment for the benefit of creditors;
(iii)(C) seeking,
consenting to, or acquiescing in the appointment of a trustee, receiver, or
liquidator of that partner or of all or substantially all of that partner’s
property; or
(iv)(D)
failing, within 90 days after the appointment, to have vacated or stayed the
appointment of a trustee, receiver, or liquidator of the partner or of all or
substantially all of the partner’s property obtained without the partner’s consent
or acquiescence, or failing within 90 days after the expiration of a stay to
have the appointment vacated;
(7) in the case of a partner who is an individual:
(ii)
(B) the appointment of a guardian or general conservator for the partner is appointed; or
(iii)
(C) there is a judicial determination
that the partner has otherwise become incapable of performing the partner’s
duties under this [act] or the
partnership agreement;
(8)
in the case of a partner that is a trust or is acting as a partner by virtue of
being a trustee of a trust, the trust’s distribution
of the trust’s entire transferable interest is distributed; in
the partnership, but not merely by reason of the substitution of a successor
trustee;
(9)
in the case of a partner that is an estate or is acting as a partner by virtue
of being a personal representative of an estate, distribution
of the estate’s entire transferable interest is in the partnership is distributed; but
not merely by reason of the substitution of a successor personal
representative; or
(10) termination in the
case of a partner that is not an individual, partnership, limited liability
company, corporation, trust, or estate, the
termination of the partner;
(11) the partnership participates in a merger under [Article]
9, if:
(A) the partnership is not the surviving entity, or
(B) otherwise as a result of the merger, the person ceases
to be a partner;
(12) the partnership participates in a conversion under
[Article] 9;
(13) the partnership participates in a domestication under
[Article] 9, if, as a result of the
domestication, the person ceases to be a partner; or
(14)
the partnership participates in an interest exchange under [Article 9], if, as
a result of the interest exchange, the person ceases to be a partner.
Section 601 is conformed to RULLCA Section 602. Section 601(6) is retained but is not in RULLCA. Section 601(4)(B) adopts the RULLCA version that the transfer must be of the entire transferable interest.
(a) A
partner person
has the power to dissociate as a partner
at any time, rightfully or wrongfully, by express
will pursuant to withdrawing as a
partner by express will under Section 601(1).
(b) A partner’s person’s
dissociation as a partner from a partnership
is wrongful only if the dissociation:
(1) it is in breach of an express provision of the
partnership agreement; or
(2) occurs before the expiration of a term, in the
case of a partnership for a definite term or
particular undertaking, or
before the expiration of the term or completion
of the an
undertaking, in the case of a partnership for a
particular undertaking, and:
(i) (A) the partner person withdraws as
a partner by express will, unless the withdrawal follows within 90
days after another partner’s dissociation by death or otherwise under Section
601(6) through (10) or wrongful dissociation under this subsection;
(ii) (B) the partner person
is expelled as a partner by judicial
determination under Section 601(5);
(iii) (C) the partner person is dissociated as a partner by becoming a debtor in bankruptcy;
or
(iv) (D) in the case of a partner who person
that is not an individual, a trust other than a business trust, or an
estate, or an individual, the partner person
is expelled as a partner or otherwise
dissociated because it willfully dissolved or terminated.
(c) A
partner who that
wrongfully dissociates as a partner is
liable to the partnership and to the other partners for damages caused by the
dissociation. The liability is in addition to any other debt, obligation, or
other liability of the partner to the partnership or to the other
partners.
Section 602 is conformed to RULLCA Section 601. Unlike
RULLCA Section 110(c) which permits the operating agreement to negate the power
to dissociate, the power cannot be eliminated under RUPA Section 103(b)(6).
(a) If When a partner’s person’s
dissociation as a partner results in a
dissolution and winding up of the partnership business, [Article] 8 applies;
otherwise, [Article] 7 applies.
(b) Upon a
partner’s dissociation When a person is
dissociated as a partner of a partnership:
(1) the partner’s person’s
right to participate in the management and conduct of the partnership business
as a partner terminates, except as otherwise provided in Section 803;
(2) the partner’s duty of loyalty under Section 404(b)(3)
terminates the person’s duties as a
partner under Section 408 terminate with regard to matters arising and events
occurring after the person’s dissociation; and
(3) the partner’s duty of loyalty under Section 404(b)(1) and
(2) and duty of care under Section 404(c) continue only with regard to matters
arising and events occurring before the partner’s dissociation, unless the
partner participates in winding up the partnership’s business pursuant to
Section 803 subject to Section 505 and
[Article] 9, any transferable interest owned by the person immediately before dissociation in the person’s
capacity as a partner is owned by the person solely as a transferee.
(c) A person’s dissociation as a partner of a partnership
does not of itself discharge the person
from any debt, obligation, or other liability to the partnership or the other
partners which the person incurred while
a partner.
Section 603 conforms to RULLCA Section 603. Like RULLCA Section 603(b), Section 603(c) confirms that dissociation, without more, does not obligations incurred while a partner. This point is affirmed in Section 703(a).
(a)
If a partner person is dissociated as a partner from a
partnership without resulting in a dissolution and winding up of the
partnership business under Section 801, the partnership shall cause the
dissociated partner’s person’s interest in the partnership to be
purchased for a buyout price determined pursuant to subsection (b).
(b) The buyout price of a
dissociated partner’s person’s interest is the amount that would
have been distributable to the dissociating partner person under
Section 807(b) if, on the date of dissociation, the assets of the partnership
were sold at a price equal to the greater of the liquidation value or the value
based on a sale of the entire business as a going concern without the
dissociated partner person and the partnership were wound up as
of that date. Interest must be paid from the date of dissociation to the date
of payment.
(c)
Damages for wrongful dissociation under Section 602(b), and all other amounts
owing, whether or not presently due, from the dissociated partner person
to the partnership, must be offset against the buyout price. Interest must
be paid from the date the amount owed becomes due to the date of payment.
(d) A
partnership shall indemnify a dissociated partner person whose
interest is being purchased against all partnership liabilities, whether
incurred before or after the dissociation, except liabilities incurred by an
act of the dissociated partner under Section 702.
(e) If no agreement for the
purchase of a dissociated partner’s person’s interest is reached
within 120 days after a written demand for payment, the partnership shall pay,
or cause to be paid, in cash to the dissociated partner person
the amount the partnership estimates to be the buyout price and accrued
interest, reduced by any offsets and accrued interest under subsection (c).
(f) If a deferred payment is authorized under subsection (h), the partnership may tender a written offer to pay the amount it estimates to be the buyout price and accrued interest, reduced by any offsets under subsection (c), stating the time of payment, the amount and type of security for payment, and the other terms and conditions of the obligation.
(g) The payment or tender required by subsection (e) or (f) must be accompanied by the following:
(1) a statement of partnership assets and liabilities as of the date of dissociation;
(2) the latest available partnership balance sheet and income statement, if any;
(3) an explanation of how the estimated amount of the payment was calculated; and
(4)
written notice that the payment is in full satisfaction of the obligation to
purchase unless, within 120 days after the written notice, the dissociated partner
person commences an action to determine the buyout price, any offsets
under subsection (c), or other terms of the obligation to purchase.
(h) A partner person
who wrongfully dissociates before the expiration of a definite term or the
completion of a particular undertaking is not entitled to payment of any
portion of the buyout price until the expiration of the term or completion of
the undertaking, unless the partner person establishes to the
satisfaction of the court that earlier payment will not cause undue hardship to
the business of the partnership. A deferred payment must be adequately secured
and bear interest.
(i) A dissociated partner person
may maintain an action against the partnership, pursuant
to Section 405(b)(2)(ii) 408(b)(2)(ii),
to determine the buyout price of that partner’s person’s
interest, any offsets under subsection (c), or other terms of the obligation to
purchase. The action must be commenced within 120 days after the partnership
has tendered payment or an offer to pay or within one year after written demand
for payment if no payment or offer to pay is tendered. The court shall
determine the buyout price of the dissociated partner’s person’s
interest, any offset due under subsection (c), and accrued interest, and enter
judgment for any additional payment or refund. If deferred payment is
authorized under subsection (h), the court shall also determine the security
for payment and other terms of the obligation to purchase. The court may assess
reasonable attorney’s fees and the fees and expenses of appraisers or other
experts for a party to the action, in amounts the court finds equitable,
against a party that the court finds acted arbitrarily, vexatiously, or not in
good faith. The finding may be based on the partnership’s failure to tender
payment or an offer to pay or to comply with subsection (g).
(a)
For two years after a partner person dissociates without
resulting in a dissolution and winding up of the partnership business, the
partnership, including a surviving partnership under [Article] 9, is bound by
an act of the dissociated partner person which would have bound
the partnership under Section 301 before dissociation only if at the time of
entering into the transaction the other party:
(1)
reasonably believed that the dissociated partner person was then
a partner;
(2)
did not have notice of the partner’s person’s dissociation; and
(3) is not deemed to have had knowledge under Section 303(e) or notice under Section 704(c).
(b) A dissociated partner person is liable
to the partnership for any damage caused to the partnership arising from an
obligation incurred by the dissociated partner after dissociation for which the
partnership is liable under subsection (a).
(a) A
partner’s person’s dissociation as a partner does not of
itself discharge the partner’s person’s liability for a
partnership obligation incurred before dissociation. A dissociated partner
person is not liable for a partnership obligation incurred after
dissociation, except as otherwise provided in subsection (b).
(b) A partner person
who dissociates without resulting in a dissolution and winding up of the
partnership business is liable as a partner person to the other
party in a transaction entered into by the partnership, or a surviving
partnership under [Article] 9, within two years after the partner’s person’s
dissociation, only if the partner person is liable for the
obligation under Section 306 and at the time of entering into the transaction
the other party:
(1)
reasonably believed that the dissociated partner person was then
a partner;
(2)
did not have notice of the partner’s person’s dissociation; and
(3) is not deemed to have had knowledge under Section 303(e) or notice under Section 704(c).
(c)
By agreement with the partnership creditor and the partners continuing the
business, a dissociated partner person may be released from
liability for a partnership obligation.
(d) A dissociated partner person
is released from liability for a partnership obligation if a partnership
creditor, with notice of the partner’s person’s dissociation but
without the partner’s person’s consent, agrees to a material
alteration in the nature or time of payment of a partnership obligation.
(a) A dissociated partner person or the
partnership may file a statement of dissociation stating the name of the
partnership and that the partner person is dissociated from the
partnership.
(b) A
statement of dissociation is a limitation on the authority of a dissociated partner
person for the purposes of Section 303(d) and (e).
(c)
For the purposes of Sections 702(a)(3) and 703(b)(3), a person not a partner
person is deemed to have notice of the dissociation 90 days after the
statement of dissociation is filed.
SECTION 705.
CONTINUED USE OF PARTNERSHIP NAME.
Continued use of a partnership name, or a dissociated partner’s person’s
name as part thereof, by partners continuing the business does not of itself
make the dissociated partner person liable for an obligation of
the partners or the partnership continuing the business.
SECTION 801.
EVENTS CAUSING DISSOLUTION AND WINDING UP
OF PARTNERSHIP BUSINESS. A partnership is dissolved, and its business
must be wound up, only upon the occurrence of any of the following events:
(1)
in a partnership at will, the partnership’s having
notice from a partner, other than a partner who is dissociated under Section
601(2) through (10), of that partner’s express will to withdraw as a partner,
or on a later date specified by the partner
the partnership has notice of a person’s express will to withdraw as a
partner, other than a person who has dissociated under Section 601(2) through
(10), but, if the person specified a withdrawal date later than the date the
partnership had notice, on the later date;
(2) in a partnership for a definite term or particular undertaking:
(i)
(A) within 90 days after a partner’s person’s dissociation
as a partner by death or otherwise under Section 601(6) through (10) or
wrongful dissociation under Section 602(b), the express will consent
of at least half of the remaining partners to wind up the partnership business,
for which purpose a partner’s rightful dissociation pursuant to Section
602(b)(2)(i) constitutes the expression of that partner’s will to wind up the
partnership business;
(ii)
(B) the express will consent of all of the partners to
wind up the partnership business; or
(iii)
(C) the expiration of the term or the completion of the undertaking;
(3)
an event agreed to in or circumstance that the partnership
agreement resulting in the winding up of the
partnership business states causes the
dissolution;
(4) an event that makes it unlawful for all or substantially all of the business of the
partnership to be continued, but a cure of illegality within 90 days after notice to the partnership of the event is effective retroactively to the date of the event for purposes of this section;
(5) on application by a partner, a judicial determination that:
(i)
(A) the economic purpose of the partnership is likely to be unreasonably
frustrated;
(ii)
(B) another partner has engaged in conduct relating to the partnership
business which makes it not reasonably practicable to carry on the business in
partnership with that partner; or
(iii)
(C) it is not otherwise reasonably practicable to carry on the
partnership business in conformity with the partnership agreement; or
(6)
on application by a transferee of a partner’s person’s
transferable interest, a judicial determination that it is equitable to wind up
the partnership business:
(i)
(A) after the expiration of the term or completion of the undertaking,
if the partnership was for a definite term or particular undertaking at the
time of the transfer or entry of the charging order that gave rise to the
transfer; or
(ii)
(B) at any time, if the partnership was a partnership at will at the
time of the transfer or entry of the charging order that gave rise to the
transfer.
(7) Except as provided in Section 302(d), when the
partnership no longer has two or more partners.
Section 801 conformed to RULLCA Article 7, when possible. Under RULLCA, dissociation of a member no longer threatens entity dissolution but the concept remains relevant to RUPA because of the RUPA Article 7 purchase on dissociation without dissolution. Unlike RULLCA, Section 801(5) does not state oppression as cause for judicial dissolution.
(a) Subject to subsection (b), a partnership continues after dissolution only for the purpose of winding up its business. The partnership is terminated when the winding up of its business is completed.
(b)
At any time after the dissolution of a partnership and before the winding up of
its business is completed, all of the partners, including any dissociating partner
person other than a wrongfully dissociating partner person,
may waive the right to have the partnership’s business wound up and the
partnership terminated. In that event:
(1) the partnership resumes
carrying on its business as if dissolution had never occurred, and any
liability incurred by the partnership or a partner person after
the dissolution and before the waiver is determined as if dissolution had never
occurred; and
(2) the rights of a third party accruing under Section 804(1) or arising out of conduct in reliance on the dissolution before the third party knew or received a notification of the waiver may not be adversely affected.
RULLCA Section 703 states when a limited liability company may rescind dissolution. RUPA does not contain such a section but all the partners remaining may agree to continue the partnership.
(a)
After dissolution, a partner person who has not wrongfully
dissociated may participate in winding up the partnership’s business, but on
application of any partner, partner’s legal representative, or transferee, the
[designate the appropriate court], for good cause shown, may order judicial
supervision of the winding up.
(b) The legal representative of the last surviving partner may wind up a partnership’s business.
(c) A person winding up a partnership’s business may preserve the partnership business or property as a going concern for a reasonable time, prosecute and defend actions and proceedings, whether civil, criminal, or administrative, settle and close the partnership’s business, dispose of and transfer the partnership’s property, discharge the partnership’s liabilities, distribute the assets of the partnership pursuant to Section 807, settle disputes by mediation or arbitration, and perform other necessary acts.
SECTION 804.
PARTNER’S POWER TO BIND PARTNERSHIP AFTER DISSOLUTION. Subject to Section 805, a partnership is
bound by a partner’s person’s act after dissolution that:
(1) is appropriate for winding up the partnership business; or
(2) would have bound the partnership under Section 301 before dissolution, if the other party to the transaction did not have notice of the dissolution.
(a) After dissolution, a partner
person who has not wrongfully dissociated as a partner may file
deliver to the [Secretary of State] for filing a statement of
dissolution stating the name of the partnership and that the partnership has
dissolved and is winding up its business.
(b) A statement of dissolution cancels a filed statement of partnership authority for the purposes of Section 303(d) and is a limitation on authority for the purposes of Section 303(e).
(c) For the purposes of Sections 301 and 804, a person not a partner is deemed to have notice of the dissolution and the limitation on the partners’ authority as a result of the statement of dissolution 90 days after it is filed.
(d)
After the filing and, if appropriate, recording a statement of
dissolution, a dissolved partnership may file deliver to the
[Secretary of State] for filing and, if appropriate, record a statement of
partnership authority which will operate with respect to a person not a partner
as provided in Section 303(d) and (e) in any transaction, whether or not the
transaction is appropriate for winding up the partnership business.
(a)
Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b) and Section 306, after
dissolution a partner person is liable to the other partners for
the partner’s person’s share of any partnership liability
incurred under Section 804.
(b) A partner person
who, with knowledge of the dissolution, incurs a partnership liability under
Section 804(2) by an act that is not appropriate for winding up the partnership
business is liable to the partnership for any damage caused to the partnership
arising from the liability.
Section 806 remains but a partner’s share of partnership liabilities may be altered by the limitation on known and unknown claims conforming to RULLCA Sections 703-704.
(a)
In winding up a partnership’s business, the assets of the partnership,
including the contributions of the partners required by this section, must be
applied to discharge its obligations to creditors, including, to the extent permitted by law, partners who are creditors. Any surplus must be
applied to pay in cash the net amount distributable to partners in accordance
with their right to distributions under subsection (b).
(b)
Each partner is entitled to a settlement of all partnership accounts upon
winding up the partnership business. In settling accounts among the partners,
profits and losses that result from the liquidation of the partnership assets
must be credited and charged to the partners’ accounts. The partnership shall
make a distribution to a partner in an amount equal to any excess of the
credits over the charges in the partner’s account. A partner shall contribute to
the partnership an amount equal to any excess of the charges over the credits
in the partner’s account t but excluding from the calculation charges
attributable to an obligation for which the partner is not personally liable
under Section 306. After a partnership complies with subsection (a), any
surplus must be distributed in the following order, subject to any charging
order in effect under Section 504:
(1) to each person owning a transferable interest that
reflects contributions made by a partner and not
previously returned, an amount equal to the value of the unreturned
contributions; and
(2) in equal shares among partners and dissociated partners, except to the extent necessary to comply with any transfer effective under Section 503.
(c) If partnership assets are not adequate to satisfy
partnership debts, obligations or other liabilities under subsection (a), each
partner or former partner shall contribute to the partnership an equal share of
the excess excluding from the calculation charges attributable to an obligation
for which the partner is not personally liable under Section 306.
(c) (d) If a partner fails to contribute the
full amount required under subsection (b) (c), all of the other
partners shall contribute, in the proportions in which those partners share
partnership losses, the additional amount necessary to satisfy the partnership
obligations for which they are personally liable under Section 306. A partner
or partner’s legal representative may recover from the other partners any contributions
the partner makes to the extent the amount contributed exceeds that partner’s
share of the partnership obligations for which the partner is personally
(d) After the settlement of accounts, each partner shall
contribute, in the proportion in which the partner shares partnership losses,
the amount necessary to satisfy partnership obligations that were not known at
the time of the settlement and for which the partner is personally liable under
Section 306.
(e) The
estate of a deceased partner person is liable for the partner’s
person’s obligation to contribute to the partnership.
(f) An assignee for the
benefit of creditors of a partnership or a partner person, or a
person appointed by a court to represent creditors of a partnership or a partner
person, may enforce a partner’s person’s obligation to
contribute to the partnership.
Consistent with amendments to Section 401, Section 807 eliminates the concept of an account that must be maintained for each partner.
(a)
Except as otherwise provided in subsection (d), a dissolved limited liability
partnership may give notice of a known claim under subsection (b), which has
the effect as provided in subsection (c).
(b) A dissolved limited liability partnership may notify in a record its known claimants of the dissolution. The notice must:
(1)
specify the information required to be included in a claim;
(2)
provide a mailing address to which the claim is to be sent;
(3)
state the deadline for receipt of the claim, which may not be less than 120
days after the date the notice is
received by the claimant; and
(4)
state that the claim will be barred if not received by the deadline.
(c) A claim against a dissolved limited liability partnership is barred if the requirements of subsection (b) are met and:
(1)
the claim is not received by the specified deadline; or
(2)
if the claim is timely received but rejected by the limited liability partnership:
(A) the limited
liability partnership causes the claimant to receive a notice in a record
stating that the claim is rejected and will be barred unless the claimant
commences an action against the limited liability partnership to enforce the
claim within 90 days after the claimant receives the notice; and
(B) the claimant does
not commence the required action within the 90 days.
(d)
This section does not apply to a claim based on an event occurring after the
effective date of dissolution or a liability
that on that date is contingent.
Section 808 is new and conforms to RULLCA Section 703 but applies only to limited liability partnerships.
(a)
A dissolved limited liability partnership may publish notice of its dissolution
and request persons having claims
against the limited liability partnership to present them in accordance with
the notice.
(b)
The notice authorized by subsection (a) must:
(1)
be published at least once in a newspaper of general circulation in the
[county] in this state in which the
dissolved limited liability partnership’s principal office is located or, if it
has none in this state, in the [county]
in this state in which the office of the limited liability partnership’s
registered agent is or was last located;
(2)
describe the information required to be contained in a claim and provide a
mailing address to which the claim is to be sent; and
(3)
state that a claim against the limited liability partnership is barred unless
an action to enforce the claim is
commenced not later than three years after publication of the notice.
(c)
If a dissolved limited liability partnership publishes a notice in accordance
with subsection (b), unless the claimant
commences an action to enforce the claim against the limited liability
partnership within three years after the
publication date of the notice, the claim of each of the following claimants is
barred:
(1)
a claimant that did not receive notice in a record under Section 808;
(2)
a claimant whose claim was timely sent to the limited liability partnership but
not acted on; and
(3)
a claimant whose claim is contingent at, or based on an event occurring
after, the effective date of dissolution.
(d)
A claim not barred under this section or Section 808 may be enforced:
(1)
against a dissolved limited liability partnership, to the extent of its
undistributed assets; and
(2)
except as provided in Section 810(d), if assets of the limited liability
partnership have been distributed after dissolution, against a partner or
transferee to the extent of that person’s
proportionate share of the claim or of the assets distributed to the
partner or transferee after dissolution,
whichever is less, but a person’s total liability for all claims under this
paragraph does not exceed the total
amount of assets distributed to the person after dissolution.
Section 809 is new and conforms to RULLCA Section 704. Section 809(b)(3) conforms to MBCA Section 14.07(c).
(a)
A dissolved limited liability partnership that has published a notice under
Section 809 may file an application with the
[appropriate court] in the [county] where the dissolved limited liability
partnership’s principal office or, if
none in this state, the office of its registered agent, is located for a determination of the amount and form of
security to be provided for payment of claims that are contingent or have not been made known to the
dissolved limited liability partnership or that are based on an event occurring after the effective date of
dissolution but which, based on the facts known to the dissolved limited liability partnership, are
reasonably estimated to arise after the effective date of dissolution. Provision need not be made for any claim that
is or is reasonably anticipated to be barred under Section 809(c).
(b)
Within 10 days after the filing of the application, notice of the proceeding
must be given by the dissolved partnership
to each claimant holding a contingent claim whose contingent claim is shown on the records of the
dissolved limited liability partnership.
(c)
The court may appoint a guardian ad litem to represent all claimants whose
identities are unknown in any proceeding
brought under this section. The reasonable fees and expenses of such guardian, including all reasonable
expert witness fees, must be paid by the dissolved limited liability
partnership.
(d)
Provision by the dissolved partnership for security in the amount and the form
ordered by the court under subsection (a) satisfies the dissolved limited
liability partnership’s obligations with respect to claims that are contingent,
have not been made known to the dissolved limited liability partnership, or are
based on an event occurring after the
effective date of dissolution, and the claims may not be enforced against a partner or transferee who receives
assets in liquidation.
Section 810 is new and conforms to RULLCA Section 705 and MBCA Section 14.08.
SECTION 901.
DEFINITIONS.
In this [article]:
(1) “General
partner” means a partner in a partnership and a general partner in a limited
partnership.
(2) “Limited partner” means a limited
partner in a limited partnership.
(3) “Limited partnership” means a
limited partnership created under the [State Limited Partnership Act],
predecessor law, or comparable law of another jurisdiction.
(4) “Partner” includes both a general
partner and a limited partner.
(1) “Constituent
partnership” means a constituent organization that is a partnership.
(2) “Constituent
organization” means an organization that is party to a merger.
(4) “Converting
partnership” means a converting organization that is a partnership.
(9) “Governing
statute” means the statute that governs an organization’s internal affairs.
(11) “Organizational
documents” means:
(A) for a domestic or
foreign general partnership, its partnership agreement;
(D) for a business
trust, its agreement of trust and declaration of trust;
(12) “Personal
liability” means liability for a debt, obligation, or other liability of
an organization that is imposed on
a person that co-owns, has an
interest in, or is a member of the organization:
(A) by the governing
statute solely by reason of the person
co-owning, having an interest in, or
being a member of the organization; or
(B) by the
organization’s organizational documents under a provision of the governing statute authorizing those documents
to make one or more specified persons
liable for all or specified debts,
obligations, or other liabilities of the organization solely by reason of
the person or persons co-owning, having
an interest in, or being a member of the organization.
(a) A partnership may be converted to a
limited partnership pursuant to this section.
(b) The terms and
conditions of a conversion of a partnership to a limited partnership must be
approved by all of the partners or by a number or percentage specified for
conversion in the partnership agreement.
(c) After the conversion is approved by
the partners, the partnership shall file a certificate of limited partnership
in the jurisdiction in which the limited partnership is to be formed. The
certificate must include:
(1) a statement that the partnership
was converted to a limited partnership from a partnership;
(3) a statement of the number of votes
cast by the partners for and against the
conversion and, if the vote is less than unanimous, the
number or percentage required to approve
the conversion under the partnership agreement.
(d)
The conversion takes effect when the certificate of limited partnership is
filed or at any later date specified in the certificate.
(e)
A general partner who becomes a limited partner as a result of the conversion
remains liable as a general partner for an obligation incurred by the
partnership before the conversion takes effect. If the other party to a
transaction with the limited partnership reasonably believes when entering the
transaction that the limited partner is a general partner, the limited partner
is liable for an obligation incurred by the limited partnership within 90 days
after the conversion takes effect. The limited partner’s liability for all
other obligations of the limited partnership incurred after the conversion
takes effect is that of a limited partner as provided in the [State Limited
Partnership Act].
(1) the governing statute of each of the other
organizations authorizes the merger;
(3) each of the other organizations complies with its
governing statute in effecting the merger.
(1) the name and form of each constituent
organization;
(5) if the surviving organization is not to be created
by the merger, any
(a) A limited partnership may be
converted to a partnership pursuant to this section.
(b) Notwithstanding a provision to the
contrary in a limited partnership agreement, the terms and conditions of a
conversion of a limited partnership to a partnership must be approved by all of
the partners.
(c) After the conversion is approved by
the partners, the limited partnership shall cancel its certificate of limited
partnership.
(d) The conversion takes effect when
the certificate of limited partnership is canceled.
(e) A limited partner who becomes a
general partner as a result of the conversion remains liable only as a limited
partner for an obligation incurred by the limited partnership before the
conversion takes effect. Except as otherwise provided in Section 306, the
partner is liable as a general partner for an obligation of the partnership
incurred after the conversion takes effect.
(1) as provided in the plan; or
(a) partnership or
limited partnership that has been converted pursuant to this [article] is for
all purposes the same entity that existed before the conversion.
(b) When a conversion takes effect:
(1) all property owned by the
converting partnership or limited partnership remains vested in the converted
entity;
(2)
all obligations of the converting partnership or limited partnership continue
as obligations of the converted entity; and
(3) an action or proceeding pending
against the converting partnership or limited partnership may be continued as
if the conversion had not occurred.
(2) each other constituent organization, as provided
in its governing statute.
(b) Articles of merger under this section must
include:
(3) the date the merger is effective under the
governing statute of the surviving organization;
(4) if the surviving organization is to be created by
the merger:
(8) any additional information required by the
governing statute of any constituent organization.
(d) A merger becomes effective under this [article]:
(1) if the surviving
organization is a partnership, upon the later of:
(A) compliance with subsection (c); or
(B) a time or event specified in the articles
of merger; or
(a)
Pursuant to a plan of merger approved as provided in subsection (c), a
partnership
may be merged with one or more partnerships or limited partnerships.
(b)
The plan of merger must set forth:
(1)
the name of each partnership or limited partnership that is a party to the
merger;
(2)
the name of the surviving entity into which the other partnerships or limited
partnerships will merge;
(3)
whether the surviving entity is a partnership or a limited partnership and the
status of each partner;
(4) the terms and conditions
of the merger;
(5) the manner and basis of
converting the interests of each party to the merger
into interests or obligations of the surviving entity, or into money or other
property in whole or part; and
(6)
the street address of the surviving entity’s chief executive office.
(c)
The plan of merger must be approved:
(1)
in the case of a partnership that is a party to the merger, by all of the
partners,
or a number or percentage specified for merger in the partnership agreement;
and
(2)
in the case of a limited partnership that is a party to the merger, by the vote
required for approval of a merger by the law of the State or foreign
jurisdiction in which the limited partnership is organized and, in the absence
of such a specifically applicable law, by all
of the partners, notwithstanding a provision to the contrary in the partnership
agreement.
(d)
After a plan of merger is approved and before the merger takes effect, the plan
may be amended or abandoned as provided in the plan.
(e)
The merger takes effect on the later of:
(1)
the approval of the plan of merger by all parties to the merger, as provided in
subsection (c);
(2)
the filing of all documents required by law to be filed as a condition to the
effectiveness of the merger; or
(3)
any effective date specified in the plan of merger.
(a) When a merger
becomes effective:
(1) the surviving
organization continues or comes into existence;
(4)
all debts, obligations, or other liabilities
of each constituent
organization that ceases to exist continue as debts, obligations, or other liabilities
of the surviving organization;
(6) except as
prohibited by other law, all of the
rights, privileges, immunities, powers, and purposes of each constituent
organization that ceases to exist vest in the surviving organization;
(9) if the surviving
organization is created by the merger:
(1) the date the
surviving organization receives the process, notice, or demand;
(2) the date shown on
the return receipt, if signed on behalf of the organization; or
(a)
When a merger takes effect:
(1)
the separate existence of every partnership or limited partnership that is a
party to the merger, other than the surviving entity, ceases;
(2)
all property owned by each of the merged partnerships or limited partnerships
vests in the surviving entity;
(3) all obligations of every
partnership or limited partnership that is a party to the merger become the
obligations of the surviving entity; and
(4) an action or proceeding
pending against a partnership or limited partnership
that is a party to the merger may be continued as if the merger had not
occurred, or the surviving entity may be substituted as a party to the action
or proceeding.
(b)
The [Secretary of State] of this State is the agent for service of process in
an action or proceeding against a surviving foreign partnership or limited
partnership to enforce an obligation of a domestic partnership or limited
partnership that is a party to a merger.
The surviving entity shall promptly notify the [Secretary of State] of
the mailing address of its chief executive office and of any change of
address. Upon receipt of process, the
[Secretary of State] shall mail a copy of the process to the surviving foreign
partnership or limited partnership.
(c)
A partner of the surviving partnership or limited partnership is liable for:
(1)
all obligations of a party to the merger for which the partner was personally
liable before the merger;
(2)
all other obligations of the surviving entity incurred before the merger by a
party to the merger, but those obligations may be satisfied only out of
property of the entity; and
(3)
except as otherwise provided in Section 306, all obligations of the surviving
entity incurred after the merger takes effect, but those obligations may be
satisfied only out of property of the entity if the partner is a limited
partner.
(d) If the obligations
incurred before the merger by a party to the merger are not satisfied out of
the property of the surviving partnership or limited partnership, the general
partners of that party immediately before the effective date of the merger
shall contribute the amount necessary to satisfy that party’s obligations to
the surviving entity, in the manner provided in Section 807 or in the [Limited
Partnership Act] of the jurisdiction in which the party was formed, as the case
may be, as if the merged party were dissolved.
(e) A partner of a party to a merger who does not become
a partner of the surviving partnership or limited partnership is dissociated
from the entity, of which that partner was a partner, as of the date the merger
takes effect. The surviving entity shall
cause the partner’s interest in the entity to be purchased under Section 701 or
another statute specifically applicable to that partner’s interest with respect
to a merger. The surviving entity is
bound under Section 702 by an act of a general partner dissociated under this
subsection, and the partner is liable under Section 703 for transactions
entered into by the surviving entity after the merger takes effect.
(1) the other
organization’s governing statute authorizes the conversion;
(3) the other
organization complies with its governing statute in effecting the conversion.
(b) A plan of
conversion must be in a record and must include:
(1) the name and form
of the organization before conversion;
(2) the name and form
of the organization after conversion;
(a) After a merger, the surviving partnership or limited
partnership may file a statement
that one or more partnerships or limited partnerships have merged into the
surviving entity.
(b)
A statement of merger must contain:
(1)
the name of each partnership or limited partnership that is a party to the
merger;
(2)
the name of the surviving entity into which the other partnerships or limited
partnership were merged;
(3)
the street address of the surviving entity’s chief executive office and of an
office in this State, if any; and
(4)
whether the surviving entity is a partnership or a limited partnership.
(c)
Except as otherwise provided in subsection (d), for the purposes of Section
302, property of the surviving partnership or limited partnership which before
the merger was held in the name of another party to the merger is property held
in the name of the surviving entity upon filing a statement of merger.
(d)
For the purposes of Section 302, real property of the surviving partnership or
limited partnership which before the merger was held in the name of another
party to the merger is property held in the name of the surviving entity upon
recording a certified copy of the statement of merger in the office for
recording transfers of that real property.
(e)
A filed and, if appropriate, recorded statement of merger, executed and
declared to be accurate pursuant to Section 105(c), stating the name of a
partnership or limited partnership that is a party to the merger in whose name
property was held before the merger and the name of the surviving entity, but
not containing all of the other information required by subsection (b),
operates with respect to the partnerships or limited partnerships named to the
extent provided in subsections (c) and (d)
(1) as provided in
the plan; or
SECTION
908. FILINGS REQUIRED
FOR CONVERSION; EFFECTIVE DATE.NONEXCLUSIVE This [article] is not exclusive. Partnerships
or limited partnerships may be converted or merged in any other manner provided
by law.
(a) After a plan of
conversion is approved:
(A) a statement that
the limited liability partnership has been converted into another organization;
(B) the name and form
of the converted organization and the jurisdiction of its governing statute;
(C) the date the
conversion is effective under the governing statute of the converted
organization;
(D) a statement that
the conversion was approved as required by this act;
of State] may use for
the purposes of Section 909(c); and
(b) A conversion
becomes effective:
(b) When a conversion
takes effect:
(1) all property owned by the converting organization
remains vested in the converted organization;
(4) except as
prohibited by law other than this [act], all of the
rights, privileges, immunities, powers, and purposes of the converting organization
remain vested in the converted organization;
(1) the date the
converted organization receives the process, notice, or demand;
(2) the date shown on
the return receipt, if signed on behalf of the organization; or
(1) the foreign
limited liability partnership’s governing statute authorizes the domestication;
(1) the foreign limited liability partnership’s
governing statute authorizes the domestication;
(c) A plan of
domestication must be in a record and must include:
(a)
A plan of domestication must be consented to:
(1) as provided in
the plan; or
(2) except as
otherwise prohibited in the plan, by the same consent as was required to
approve the plan.
(b) A domestication
becomes effective:
(a) When a
domestication takes effect:
(5)
except as prohibited by other law, all of the of the domesticating
limited liability partnership remain vested in the domesticated limited
liability partnership;
(1) the name of the limited liability partnership;
(3) a statement the
domestication was approved as required by this [act]; and
(4) the jurisdiction of
formation of the domesticated
foreign limited liability partnership.
(2) the partner has
consented to the provision.
(1) as provided in
the plan; or
(2) unless prohibited
by the plan, in the same manner as the plan was approved.
(2) the date on which
the statement of merger, conversion, or domestication was filed; and
Section 915 conforms to Conform to Entity Transactions Act Section 204 and RULLCA Section 1014A
SECTION
908 916. NONEXCLUSIVE [ARTICLE]
NOT EXCLUSIVE. This [article] is not exclusive. Partnerships
or limited partnerships may be converted or merged in any other manner provided
by law. This [article] does
not preclude an entity from being merged, converted, or domesticated under law
other than this [act].
SECTION 901.
DEFINITIONS. In this [article]:
(3) “Conversion” means a transaction authorized
by [part] 4.
(4) “Converted entity” means the converting
entity as it continues in existence after a conversion.
(5) “Converting entity” means the domestic entity
that approves a plan of conversion pursuant to Section 943 or the foreign
entity that approves a conversion pursuant to the law of its jurisdiction
of formation.
(10) “Domestication” means a transaction
authorized by [part] 5.
(v) a limited
liability company;
[(vi) a general
cooperative association;]
(vii) a limited
cooperative association;
(viii) an
unincorporated nonprofit association;
(ix) a statutory trust, business trust, or
common-law business trust; or
(iv) a decedent’s
estate; [or]
(v) a government or
a governmental subdivision, agency, or instrumentality [; or] [.]
[(vi) a person
excluded under Section 905.]
(12) “Filing entity” means an entity that is
formed by the filing of a public organic record.
(A) receive or demand access to information
concerning, or the books and records of, the entity;
(B) vote for the election of the governors of the
entity; or
(C) receive notice of or vote on any issue
involving the internal affairs of the entity.
(A) a director of a
business corporation;
(B) a director or
trustee of a nonprofit corporation;
(C) a general
partner of a general partnership;
(D) a general
partner of a limited partnership;
(E) a manager of a
manager-managed limited liability company;
(F) a member of a
member-managed limited liability company;
[(G) a director of a
general cooperative association;]
(H) a director of a
limited cooperative association;
(I) a manager of an
unincorporated nonprofit association;
(J) a trustee of a
statutory trust, business trust, or common-law business trust; or
(A) a share in a
business corporation;
(B) a membership in
a nonprofit corporation;
(C) a partnership
interest in a general partnership;
(D) a partnership
interest in a limited partnership;
(E) a membership
interest in a limited liability company;
[(F) a share in a
general cooperative association;]
(G) a member’s
interest in a limited cooperative association;
(H) a membership in
an unincorporated nonprofit association;
(I) a beneficial
interest in a statutory trust, business trust, or common-law business trust;
(J) a governance
interest in any other type of unincorporated entity; or
(K) a distributional interest in an
unincorporated entity.
(A) a shareholder of
a business corporation;
(B) a member of a
nonprofit corporation;
(C) a general
partner of a general partnership;
(D) a general
partner of a limited partnership;
(E) a limited
partner of a limited partnership;
(F) a member of a
limited liability company;
[(G) a shareholder
of a general cooperative association;]
(H) a member of a
limited cooperative association;
(I) a member of an
unincorporated nonprofit association;
(J) a beneficiary of
a statutory trust, business trust, or common-law business trust; or
(K) any other direct
holder of an interest.
(18) “Interest holder liability” means:
(A) personal liability for a liability of an
entity that is imposed on a person:
(i) solely by
reason of the status of the person
as an interest holder; or
(ii) by the organic
rules of the entity that make one or
more specified interest holders or
categories of interest holders liable in their capacity as interest holders for
all or specified liabilities of the entity; or
(23) “Organic rules” means the public organic
record and private organic rules of an entity.
(25) “Plan” means a plan of merger, interest
exchange, conversion, or domestication.
(A) the bylaws of a
business corporation;
(B) the bylaws of a
nonprofit corporation;
(C) the partnership
agreement of a general partnership;
(D) the partnership
agreement of a limited partnership;
(E) the partnership
agreement of a limited liability company;
[(F) the bylaws of a
general cooperative association;]
(G) the bylaws of a
limited cooperative association;
(H) the governing
principles of an unincorporated nonprofit association; and
(I) the governing
instrument of a statutory trust, business trust, or common-law business trust.
(27) “Protected agreement” means:
(B) an agreement that is binding on an entity on
the effective date of this [act];
(C) the organic rules of an entity in effect on
the effective date of this [act]; or
(A) the articles of
incorporation of a business corporation;
(B) the articles of
incorporation of a nonprofit corporation;
(C) the certificate
of limited partnership of a limited partnership;
(D) the certificate
of organization of a limited liability company;
[(E) the articles of
incorporation of a general cooperative association;]
(F) the articles of
organization of a limited cooperative association; and
(G) the certificate
of trust of a statutory trust, business trust, or common-law business trust.
(31) “Sign” means, with present intent to
authenticate or adopt a record:
(A) to execute or adopt a tangible symbol; or
(B) to attach to or logically associate with the
record an electronic symbol, sound or process.
(34) “Type of entity” means a generic form of
entity:
(A) recognized at common law; or
Patterned
after harmonized META § 102.
Patterned
after harmonized META § 103(b).
Patterned
after harmonized META § 104.
SECTION 904.
STATUS OF FILINGS. A filing under this [article] signed by a
domestic entity becomes part of the public organic record of the entity if the
entity’s organic law provides that similar filings under that law become part
of the public organic record of the entity.
Patterned
after harmonized META § 105.
SECTION 905.
NONEXCLUSIVITY. The fact that a transaction under this
[article] produces a certain result does not preclude the same result from
being accomplished in any other manner permitted by law other than this
[article].
Patterned
after harmonized META § 106.
SECTION 906.
REFERENCE TO EXTERNAL FACTS. A plan may
refer to facts ascertainable outside of the plan if the manner in which the
facts will operate upon the plan is specified in the plan. The facts may include the occurrence of an
event or a determination or action by a person, whether or not the event,
determination, or action is within the control of a party to the transaction.
Patterned
after harmonized META § 107.
SECTION 907.
ALTERNATIVE MEANS OF APPROVAL OF TRANSACTIONS. Except as otherwise provided in the organic
law or organic rules of a domestic entity, approval of a transaction under this
[article] by the unanimous vote or consent of its interest holders satisfies
the requirements of this [article] for approval of the transaction.
Patterned
after harmonized META § 108.
(1) the organic law permits the
organic rules to limit the availability of appraisal rights; and
(2) the organic rules provide
such a limit.
(1) in the entity’s organic
rules; or
Patterned
after harmonized META § 109(a) and (b).
(a) Except as otherwise provided
in this section, by complying with this [part]:
(2) two or more foreign entities
may merge into a domestic partnership.
[(c) The following entities may
not participate in a merger under this [part]:
Patterned after harmonized META §
201(a), (b), and (d).
(1) as to each merging entity,
its name, jurisdiction of formation, and type;
(6) the other terms and
conditions of the merger; and
(b) A plan of merger may contain
any other provision not prohibited by law.
Patterned
after harmonized META § 202.
(a) A plan of merger is not effective unless it
has been approved:
(a) A plan of merger of a domestic merging
partnership may be amended:
(1) as provided in the plan; or
(2) unless prohibited by the plan, in the same
manner as the plan was approved.
(3) a statement that the merger has been
abandoned in accordance with this section.
Patterned
after harmonized META § 204.
(b) A statement of merger must contain:
(2) the name, jurisdiction of formation, and type
of the surviving entity;
Patterned
after harmonized META § 205.
(a) When a merger becomes effective:
(1) the surviving entity continues or
comes into existence;
(2) each merging entity that is not the surviving
entity ceases to exist;
(4) all debts, obligations and other
liabilities of each merging entity are
debts, obligations and other
liabilities of the surviving entity;
(5) except as otherwise provided by law or the
plan of merger, all of the rights, privileges, immunities, powers,
and purposes of each merging entity vest
in the surviving entity;
(6) if the surviving entity exists before the
merger:
(A) all of its property continues to be vested in
it without transfer, reversion or impairment;
(B) it remains subject to all of its debts,
obligations and other liabilities; and
(C) all of its rights,
privileges, immunities, powers, and purposes continue to be
vested in it;
(8) if the surviving entity exists before the
merger:
(A) its public organic record, if any, is amended
as provided in the statement of merger; and
(9) if the surviving entity is created by the
merger:
(A) its public organic record, if any, is
effective; and
(B) its private organic rules are effective; and
(e) When a merger becomes effective, a foreign
entity that is the surviving entity:
Patterned after harmonized META § 206.
(a) Except as otherwise provided in this section,
by complying with this [part]:
[(d) The following entities may not participate in
an interest exchange under this [part]:
Patterned
after harmonized META § 301(a) – (c) and (e).
(1) the name of the acquired entity;
(2) the name, jurisdiction of formation, and type
of the acquiring entity;
(5) the other terms and conditions of the
interest exchange; and
(b) A plan of interest exchange may contain any
other provision not prohibited by law.
Patterned
after harmonized META § 302.
(a) A plan of interest exchange is not effective
unless it has been approved:
(d) Except as otherwise provided in its organic
law or organic rules, the interest holders of the acquiring entity are not required to
approve the interest exchange.
(a) A plan of interest exchange of a domestic
acquired partnership may be amended:
(1) as provided in the plan; or
(2) unless prohibited by the plan, in the same
manner as the plan was approved.
(1) the name of the acquired partnership;
(3) a statement that the interest exchange has
been abandoned in accordance with this section.
Patterned
after harmonized META § 304.
(b) A statement of interest exchange must
contain:
(1) the name of the acquired partnership;
(2) the name, jurisdiction of formation, and type
of the acquiring entity;
Patterned
after harmonized META § 305(a) – (d).
Patterned after harmonized META § 306.
(1) a domestic entity of a
different type; or
[(d) The following entities may
not engage in a conversion under this [part]}
Patterned
after harmonized META § 401.
(1) the name of the converting partnership;
(2) the name, jurisdiction of formation, and type
of the converted entity;
(4) the proposed public organic record of the
converted entity if it will be a filing entity;
(6) the other terms and conditions of the
conversion; and
(b) A plan of conversion may contain any other
provision not prohibited by law.
Patterned
after harmonized META § 402.
(a) A plan of conversion is not effective unless
it has been approved:
(a) A plan of conversion of a domestic converting
partnership may be amended:
(1) as provided in the plan; or
(2) unless prohibited by the plan, in the same
manner as the plan was approved.
(1) the name of the converting partnership;
(3) a statement that the conversion has been
abandoned in accordance with this section.
Patterned after harmonized META §
404.
(b) A statement of conversion must contain:
(1) the name, jurisdiction of formation, and type
of the converting entity;
(2) the name, jurisdiction of formation, and type
of the converted entity;
Patterned
after harmonized META § 405(a) – (e).
(a) When a conversion in which the converted
entity is a domestic partnership becomes effective:
(A) organized under and subject to the organic
law of the converted entity; and
(B) the same entity without interruption as the
converting entity;
(4) except as otherwise provided by law or the
plan of conversion, all of the
rights, privileges, immunities, powers, and purposes of the converting entity
remain in the converted entity;
(6) if a converted
entity is a filing entity, its public organic record is effective;
(e) When a conversion becomes effective, a
foreign entity that is the converted entity:
Patterned after harmonized META § 406.
Patterned
after harmonized META § 501(a) – (c).
(1) the name of the domesticating limited
liability partnership;
(2) the name and jurisdiction of formation of the
domesticated limited liability partnership;
(4) the proposed public organic record of the
domesticated limited liability partnership;
(6) the other terms and conditions of the
domestication; and
(b) A plan of domestication may contain any other
provision not prohibited by law.
Patterned
after harmonized META § 502.
(1) by all of the partners entitled to vote on or
consent to any matter; and
(1) as provided in the plan; or
(2) unless prohibited by the plan, in the same
manner as the plan was approved.
(1) the name of the domesticating limited
liability partnership;
(3) a statement that the domestication has been
abandoned in accordance with this section.
Patterned
after harmonized META § 504.
(b) A statement of domestication must contain:
(1) the name and jurisdiction of formation of the
domesticating limited liability partnership;
(2) the name and jurisdiction of formation of the
domesticated limited liability partnership;
Patterned
after harmonized META § 505(a) – (e).
(a) When a domestication becomes effective:
(1) the domesticated limited liability
partnership is:
(B) the same entity without interruption as the
domesticating limited liability partnership;
(d) When a domestication becomes effective:
(a) A partnership may become a limited liability partnership pursuant to this section.
(b) The terms and conditions on which a partnership becomes a limited liability partnership must be approved by the vote necessary to amend the partnership agreement except, in the case of a partnership agreement that expressly considers obligations to contribute to the partnership, the vote necessary to amend those provisions.
(c) After the approval required by subsection (b), a partnership may become a limited liability partnership by filing a statement of qualification. The statement must contain:
(1) the name of the partnership;
(2)
the street address of the partnership’s chief executive principal
office and, if different, the street address of an office in this State state,
if any;
(3) if
the partnership does not have an office in this State, the name and street
address of the partnership’s
registered agent for service of
process;
(4) a statement that the partnership elects to be a limited liability partnership; and
(5) a deferred effective date, if any.
(d)
The agent of a limited liability partnership for service of process must be an
individual who is a resident of this State state or other person authorized to do business in this State state.
(e) (d)
The status of a partnership as a limited liability partnership is effective on
the later of the filing of the statement or a date specified in the statement.
The status remains effective, regardless of changes in the partnership, until
it is canceled pursuant to Section 105(d) 107(g) or revoked
pursuant to Section 1003.
(f) (e) The status of a partnership as a limited liability
partnership and the liability of its partners is not affected by errors or
later changes in the information required to be contained in the statement of
qualification under subsection (c).
(g) (f)
The filing of a statement of qualification establishes that a partnership has
satisfied all conditions precedent to the qualification of the partnership as a
limited liability partnership.
(h) (g)
An amendment or cancellation of a statement of qualification is effective when
it is filed or on a deferred effective date specified in the amendment or
cancellation.
Section 1001(d) conforms to RULLCA Section 113(c).
(a)
Each limited liability partnership and each foreign limited liability
partnership that is registered under Section 1102 to do business in this state
shall designate and maintain a registered agent in this
state. The designation of a registered agent pursuant to this section is an
affirmation of fact by
the limited liability partnership or foreign limited liability partnership that
the agent has
consented to serve.
(b)
A registered agent for a limited liability partnership or foreign limited
liability partnership must be an individual who is
a resident of this state or other person registered to do have a place of business in this state.
(c)
The duties of a registered agent are:
(1) to forward to the limited liability partnership or foreign limited liability partnership at the address most recently supplied to the agent by the partnership any process, notice, or demand pertaining to the partnership which is served on or delivered to received by the agent; and
(2)
if the registered agent resigns, to provide the notice to the partnership at
the address most recently supplied to the agent by the partnership.
Section 1002 is new and conforms to RULLCA Section 113.
(a)
A limited liability partnership or foreign limited liability partnership may
change its registered agent, or the address of its registered agent by delivering to
the [Secretary of State] for filing a statement of change containing which states:
(1)
the name of the partnership; and
(2)
the information that is to be in effect as a result of the filing of the
statement of change.
(b)
The designation of a new registered agent pursuant to this section is an
affirmation of fact by
the limited liability partnership or foreign limited liability partnership that
the designated person agent has consented to serve.
(c) A statement of change is effective when filed by the [Secretary of State].
Section 1003 conforms to RULLCA Section 114.
SECTION 1004.
RESIGNATION OF REGISTERED AGENT.
(a)
A registered agent may resign as an agent for a limited liability partnership
or foreign limited liability partnership by delivering to the [Secretary of
State] for filing a statement of resignation that states:
(1)
the name of the partnership;
(3)
that the agent resigns from serving as registered agent for the partnership;
and
(4)
the address of the partnership to which the agent will send the notice required
by subsection (c).
(b)
A statement of resignation takes effect on the earlier of the 31st day after
the day on which it is filed by the [Secretary of State] or the designation of
a new registered agent for the limited liability partnership or foreign limited
liability partnership.
(c)
A registered agent promptly shall furnish the limited liability partnership or
foreign limited liability partnership notice in a record of the date on which a
statement of resignation was delivered to the
[Secretary of State] for filing filed.
(d) When a statement of resignation takes effect, the registered agent ceases to have responsibility for any matter subsequently served on, delivered to, or tendered to it as agent for the limited liability partnership or foreign limited liability partnership. The resignation does not affect any contractual rights the partnership has against the agent or that the agent has against the partnership.
Section 1004 conforms to RULLCA Section 115.
(a)
A limited liability partnership or foreign limited liability partnership may be
served with any process, notice, or demand required or
permitted by law by serving its registered agent.
(b)
If a limited liability partnership or foreign limited liability partnership no
longer has a registered agent, in this state, or the if its registered agent cannot with reasonable diligence be served, the
partnership may be served by registered or certified mail, return receipt
requested, or by similar commercial delivery service, addressed to the entity partnership
at its principal office in accordance with any applicable judicial rules and
procedures and with the envelope conspicuously marked “important
legal notice” or with words of similar import. Service is
effected under this subsection on the earliest of:
(1)
the date the partnership receives the mail or delivery by a similar commercial
delivery service;
(2)
the date shown on the return receipt, if signed on behalf of the partnership;
or
(3)
five days after its deposit with the United States Postal Service, or similar
commercial delivery service, if correctly addressed and with sufficient postage
or payment.
(c)
If process, notice, or demand cannot be served on a partnership or foreign
limited liability partnership pursuant to subsection (a) or (b), service may be
made by handing a copy to the supervisor, administrator, clerk, or other individual in charge of any regular place of business
of the partnership if the individual served is not a plaintiff in the action.
(d)
Service of process, notice, or demand on a registered agent must be in a written record. Receipt of a written
process, notice, or demand by the registered agent of a limited liability
partnership or foreign limited liability partnership is receipt by the
partnership.
(e)
Service of process, notice, or demand may be made by other means under law
other than this [act].
Section 1004 conforms to RULLCA Section 116.
SECTION 1002 1006. NAME. The name of a limited liability partnership
must end with “Registered
Limited Liability Partnership”, “Limited Liability Partnership”, “R.L.L.P.”,
“L.L.P.”, “RLLP”, or “LLP”.
(a) A Each
limited liability partnership and a foreign limited liability partnership authorized
to transact registered to do business in this State state
shall file an annual report in the office of deliver to the
[Secretary of State] for filing an annual report which contains
that states:
(1) the name of the limited liability partnership and
the State or other jurisdiction under whose laws the foreign limited liability
partnership is formed;
(2) the street address of the partnership’s chief
executive office and, if different, the street address of an office of the
partnership in this State, if any; and the name and street and mailing
addresses in this state of its registered agent;
(3) if the partnership does not have an office in this
State state, the name and street address of the partnership’s current
agent for service of process. the street and mailing addresses of its
principal office; and
(4) in the case of a foreign limited liability
partnership, the state or other jurisdiction under whose law the partnership is
formed and any alternate name adopted under
Section 1106.
(b) Information in an
annual report under this section must be current as of the date the report is
signed on behalf of the limited liability partnership or foreign limited
liability partnership.
(b) (c) An
annual report must be filed between [January 1 and April 1] of each year
following the calendar year in which a partnership files a statement of
qualification or a foreign partnership becomes authorized to transact business
in this State. The first annual report must be delivered to the [Secretary of State] after
[January 1] and before [April 1] of the year following the calendar year in which a limited liability
partnership was formed or a foreign limited liability partnership is registered to do business in
this state. Subsequent annual reports must be delivered to the [Secretary of State] after [January 1]
and before [April 1] of each calendar year thereafter.
(d) If an annual report
under this section does not contain the information required by subsection (a),
the [Secretary of State] shall promptly notify the reporting limited liability
partnership or foreign limited liability partnership in a record and send the
report to the partnership for correction.
(e) If an annual report
under this section contains the name or address of an agent of a registered
agent which differs from the information shown in the records of the [Secretary
of State] immediately before the annual report becomes effective, the differing
information in the annual report is considered a statement of change under
Section 1003.
(c) (f) The
[Secretary of State] may commence a proceeding under subsections (g)
and (h) to revoke the statement of
qualification of a partnership administratively that fails to file an
annual report when due or pay the required filing fee. if the
partnership does not:
(1) pay any fee, tax, or penalty required to be paid
to the [Secretary of State] not later
than [six months] after it is due;
(2) deliver an annual report to the [Secretary of
State] not later than [six months] after it is due; or
(3) have a registered agent in this state for [60]
consecutive days.
(g)
To do so, the [Secretary of State] shall provide the partnership at
least 60 days’ written notice of intent to revoke the statement. The notice m
be mailed to the partnership at its chief executive office set forth in the
last filed statement of qualification or annual report. The notice must specify
the annual report that has not been filed, the fee that has not been paid, and
the effective date of the revocation. The revocation is not effective if the
annual report is filed and the fee is paid before the effective date of the
revocation If the [Secretary of State] determines that one or more grounds exist for revoking a
statement of qualification, the [Secretary of State] shall serve the partnership notice in a
record of the [Secretary of State’s] determination.
(h) If a limited
liability partnership, not later than [60] days after service of the notice is
effected pursuant to subsection (g), does not correct each ground for
revocation or demonstrate to the satisfaction of the [Secretary of State] that
each ground determined by the [Secretary of State] does not exist, the
[Secretary of State] shall revoke the statement of qualification
administratively by, signing, a declaration of dissolution that recites the
ground or grounds for revocation and its effective date. The [Secretary of
State] shall file the original of the declaration and serve a copy on the
partnership.
(d) (i) A
revocation under subsection (c) (h) only affects a partnership’s
status as a limited liability partnership and is not an event of dissolution of
the partnership.
(e) (j) A
partnership whose statement of qualification has been revoked administratively
under subsection (h) may apply to the [Secretary of State] for
reinstatement within two years [not later than two years] after
the effective date of the revocation. The application must state:
(1) the name of the partnership and the effective date
of the revocation; and at the time of its administrative revocation;
(2) the address of the principal office of the limited
liability partnership and the name and address of its registered agent;
(3) the effective date of the limited liability
partnership’s revocation of statement of qualification; and
(2) (4) that the ground grounds
for revocation either did not exist or has have been corrected
eliminated.
(k) To be reinstated, a
limited liability partnership must pay all fees, taxes, and penalties that were
due to the [Secretary of State] at the time of the administrative revocation of
its statement of qualification and all fees, taxes, and penalties that would
have been due to the [Secretary of State] while the limited liability
partnership’s statement of qualification was revoked administratively.
(l) If the [Secretary of
State] determines that an application contains the information required by
subsection (a), is satisfied that the information is correct, and determines
that all payments required to be made to the [Secretary of State] by subsection
(k) have been made, the [Secretary of State] shall cancel the declaration of
revocation and prepare a statement of reinstatement that states the [Secretary
of State’s] determination and the effective date of reinstatement, file the
original of the statement, and serve a copy on the limited liability
partnership.
(f) (m) A
reinstatement under subsection (e) (h) relates back to and takes effect as of
the effective date of the revocation, and the partnership’s status as a limited
liability partnership continues as if the revocation had never occurred. When
a reinstatement under this section is effective, it relates back to and
takes effect as of the effective date of the administrative revocation and the
limited liability partnership’s status as a limited liability partnership
continues as if the administrative revocation had never occurred, except for
the rights of a person arising out of an act or omission in reliance on the
revocation before the person knew or had reason to know of the reinstatement.
Section 1006 conforms to RULLCA Sections 212, 707 and 708.
(a)
The law under which a foreign limited liability partnership is formed governs relations
among the partners and between the partners and the partnership and the
liability of partners for obligations of the partnership:
(1) the internal affairs of the limited liability
partnership; and
(2) the liability of a partner as partner for the
debts, obligations a debt, obligation, or other liabilities liability of the partnership.
(b) A foreign limited
liability partnership may not be denied a statement of foreign qualification by
reason of any difference between the law under which the partnership was formed
and the law of this State. A foreign limited liability partnership may is not be precluded
from registering to do business in this state because of any difference between
the law of the limited liability partnership’s jurisdiction of formation and
the laws law of this state.
(c) A statement of
foreign qualification does not authorize a foreign limited liability
partnership to engage in any business or exercise any power that a partnership
may not engage in or exercise in this State as a limited liability partnership.
Registration as a foreign limited liability partnership to do business in
this state does not authorize that the partnership to engage in any business or exercise any power that a limited liability
partnership may not engage in or exercise in this state.
Section 1101 conforms to HUB Section 1-501. Section 1101(a)(2) conforms to RULLCA Section 106.
(a) A foreign limited
liability partnership may not do business in this state until it registers with
the [Secretary of State] under this [article].
(b) A foreign limited
liability partnership doing business in this state may not maintain an action
or proceeding in this state unless it
has registered to do business in this state.
(c) The failure of a
foreign limited liability partnership to register to do business in this state
does not impair the validity of a contract or act of the foreign limited
liability partnership or preclude it from defending an action or proceeding in
this state.
(d) A partner of a
foreign limited liability partnership is not liable for the a
debt, obligation, or other liability of a limited liability the partnership solely because the partnership transacted
business in this state without registering to do business in this state.
(e) Section 1101(a) and (b) apply even if a foreign limited liability partnership fails to register under this [article].
Section 1102 conforms to HUB Section 1-501 and RULLCA Section 802.
(a) A
foreign limited liability partnership transacting business in this State may
not maintain an action or proceeding in this State unless it has in effect a
statement of foreign qualification.
(b) The failure of a foreign limited liability
partnership to have in effect a statement of foreign qualification does not
impair the validity of a contract or act of the foreign limited liability
partnership or preclude it from defending an action or proceeding in this
State.
(c) A
limitation on personal liability of a partner is not waived solely by
transacting business in this State without a statement of foreign
qualification.
(d)
If a foreign limited liability partnership transacts business in this State
without a statement of foreign qualification, the [Secretary of State] is its
agent for service of process with respect to a right of action arising out of
the transaction of business in this State.
(a)
Activities of a foreign limited liability partnership which do not constitute
transacting business for the purpose of this [article] include:
(1)
maintaining, defending, or settling an action or proceeding;
(2)
holding meetings of its partners or carrying on any other activity concerning
its internal affairs;
(3)
maintaining bank accounts;
(4)
maintaining offices or agencies for the transfer, exchange, and registration of
the partnership’s own securities or maintaining trustees or depositories with
respect to those securities;
(5)
selling through independent contractors;
(6)
soliciting or obtaining orders, whether by mail or through employees or agents
or otherwise, if the orders require acceptance outside this State before they
become contracts;
(7)
creating or acquiring indebtedness, with or without a mortgage, or other
security interest in property;
(8)
collecting debts or foreclosing mortgages or other security interests in
property securing the debts, and holding, protecting, and maintaining property
so acquired;
(9)
conducting an isolated transaction that is completed within 30 days and is not
one in the course of similar transactions; and
(10)
transacting business in interstate commerce.
(b)
For purposes of this [article], the ownership in this State of income-producing
real property or tangible personal property, other than property excluded under
subsection (a), constitutes transacting business in this State.
(c)
This section does not apply in determining the contacts or activities that may
subject a foreign limited liability partnership to service of process,
taxation, or regulation under any other law of this State.
SECTION
1103. FOREIGN REGISTRATION STATEMENT. To register to do business in this state, a
foreign limited liability partnership must deliver a foreign registration statement
to the [Secretary of State] for filing. The application must set forth state:
(1) the name of the
partnership and, if the name does not comply with Section 1005, an alternate
name adopted pursuant to Section 1106(a);
(2) the name of the
jurisdiction under whose law the partnership is formed;
(3) the street and
mailing addresses of the partnership’s principal office and, if the law of the jurisdiction under which the
partnership is formed requires the partnership to maintain an office in that
jurisdiction, the street and mailing addresses of the required office; and
(4) the name and street
and mailing addresses of the partnership’s initial registered agent.
Section 1103 conforms to HUB Section 1-501 and RULLCA Section 802.
(a) A foreign limited liability partnership registered
to do business in this state shall deliver to the [Secretary of State] for
filing an amendment to its foreign registration statement if there is a change
in:
(2) the name the jurisdiction under whose law the
limited liability partnership is formed;
(3) the address required by Section 1103; and
(4) the name and street and mailing addresses of the
limited liability partnership’s registered agent.
(b) The requirements of
Section 1103 for an original foreign registration statement apply to an
amendment of a foreign registration statement under this section.
Section 1104 conforms to HUB Section 1-504 and RULLCA Section 803.
(a) Activities of a
foreign limited liability partnership which do not constitute doing business in this state under this [article]
include:
(1) maintaining, defending, mediating, arbitrating, or
settling an action or proceeding;
(2) carrying on any activity concerning its internal affairs,
including holding a meeting of its
partners;
(3) maintaining accounts in financial institutions;
(4) maintaining offices or agencies for the transfer, exchange, and registration of the partnership’s securities or maintaining trustees or depositories with respect to those securities;
(5)
selling through independent contractors;
(6)
soliciting or obtaining orders, by any means,
if the orders require acceptance outside this state before they become
contracts;
(7) creating or acquiring indebtedness, mortgages, or
security interests in property;
(8) securing or collecting debts or enforcing
mortgages or other security interests in property securing the debts and
holding, protecting, or maintaining property so acquired;
(9) conducting an isolated transaction that is not in
the course of similar transactions;
(10) owning, without more, real or personal property;
and
(11) doing business in interstate commerce.
(b) This section does
not apply in determining the contacts or activities that may subject a foreign
limited liability partnership to service of process, taxation, or regulation
under law of this state other than this [act].
Section 1105 conforms RULLCA Section 804.
(a)
A foreign limited liability partnership whose name does not comply with Section
1005 may not register to do business in this state until it adopts, for the
purpose of doing business in this state,
an alternate name that complies with Section 1005. A foreign limited liability
partnership that registers under an alternate name under this subsection need
not comply with [this state’s fictitious or assumed name statute]. After
registering to do business in this state with an alternate name, a foreign
limited liability partnership may do business in this state under:
(2) the name in the jurisdiction under whose law the
partnership is formed, with that jurisdiction clearly identified; or
(3) an assumed or fictitious name the partnership is
authorized to use under [this state’s fictitious or assumed name statute].
(b) If a foreign limited
liability partnership registered to transact business in this state changes its
name to one that does not comply with Section 1102, it may not do business in
this state until it complies with subsection (a) by amending its registration
to adopt an alternate name that complies with Section 1102.
Section 1106 conforms to RULLCA Section 805.
SECTION
1107. WITHDRAWAL DEEMED ON CONVERSION TO
DOMESTIC FILING ENTITY OR DOMESTIC LIMITED LIABILITY PARTNERSHIP. A foreign limited liability partnership
registered to do business in this state which converts to a domestic limited
liability partnership or to a domestic entity that is organized, incorporated,
or otherwise formed through the delivery of a record to the [Secretary of
State] for filing is deemed to have withdrawn its registration on the effective
date of the conversion.
Section 1107 conforms to RULLCA Section 806.
(a) A foreign limited liability partnership registered
to do business in this state shall deliver a statement of withdrawal to the
[Secretary of State] for filing if the partnership converts to a domestic or
foreign entity that is not organized, incorporated, or otherwise formed through
the public filing of a record, other than a limited liability partnership. The
statement must state:
(1) the name of the foreign limited liability
partnership and the name of the jurisdiction under whose law it was formed
before the conversion;
(2) the type of entity to which it has converted and
the jurisdiction whose laws govern the entity’s internal affairs;
(3) that the foreign limited liability partnership
surrenders its registration to do business in this state;
(4) that the foreign limited liability revokes the
authority of its registered agent to accept service on its behalf; and
(5) a mailing address to which service of process may
be made under subsection (b).
(b) After a withdrawal
is effective under this section, service of process in any action or proceeding
based on a cause of action arising during the time the foreign limited
liability partnership was registered to do business in this state may be made
pursuant to Section 1111(b).
Section 1108 conforms to HUB Section 1-509 and RULLCA Section 807.
(a) AWhen a foreign limited liability partnership registered to do
business in this state which merges
into or converts has merged into a
foreign limited liability partnership that is not registered to do business in
this state or has converted to
a foreign entity required to register with the [Secretary of State] to do business in this
state the partnership shall deliver to the [Secretary of State] for filing an
application for transfer of
registration. The application must state:
(1) the name of the applicant entity;
(2) that before the merger or conversion, the
registration pertained to a foreign limited liability partnership;
(3) the name of the entity into which the foreign
limited liability partnership has merged or to into which it has been converted, and, if the name does not
comply with Section 108, an alternate name adopted pursuant to Section 1106(a);
(4) the type of entity into which it has merged or to into which it has been converted and the jurisdiction whose law
governs the surviving or converted entity’s internal affairs; and
(5) the following information regarding the entity
into which it has merged or to into which it has been converted, if different than the
information for the applicant entity:
(A) the street and mailing address of the
principal office of the surviving or converted entity and, if the law of the
entity’s jurisdiction of formation requires the entity to maintain an office in
that jurisdiction, the street and mailing address of that office; and
(B) the name and street and mailing
address of the entity’s registered agent in this state.
(b) When an application
for transfer of registration takes effect, the registration of the applicant
entity to do business in this state is transferred without interruption to the
entity into which it has merged or to which it has been converted.
Section 1109 conforms to HUB Section 1-510 and RULLCA Section 808.
(a) The [Secretary of State] may terminate the
registration of a foreign limited liability partnership to do business in this
state in the manner provided in subsections (b) and (c) if the partnership does
not:
(1) pay, not later than 60 days after the due date,
any fee, tax, or penalty required to be paid to the [Secretary of State] under
this [ act] or law other than this [act];
(2) deliver, not later than 60 days after the due
date, its annual report required under Section 1003;
(3) appoint and maintain a registered agent as
required by Section 1003; or
(4) deliver to the [Secretary of State] for filing a
statement of a change under Section 1003 not later than 30 days after a change
has occurred in the name or address of the registered agent.
(b) The [Secretary of
State] may terminate the registration of a foreign limited liability
partnership by filing a notice of termination or noting the termination in the
record of the [Secretary of State] and by sending a copy of the notice or the
information in the notation to the partnership’s registered agent in this state,
or if the partnership does not appoint and maintain a proper registered agent
in this state, to the partnership’s office. The notice must state:
(1) the effective date of the termination, which must
be at least [60 days] after the date the [Secretary of State] sends the copy;
and
(2) the grounds for termination under subsection (a).
(c) The authority of a
foreign limited liability partnership to do business in this state ceases on
the effective date of the notice of termination unless before that date the
partnership cures each ground for termination stated in the notice of
termination or the notated information. If the partnership cures each ground,
the [Secretary of State] shall file a record so stating.
Section 1110 conforms to HUB Section 1-511 and RULLCA Section 809.
(a)
Before transacting business in this State, a foreign limited liability
partnership must file a statement of foreign qualification. The statement must
contain:
(1)
the name of the foreign limited liability partnership which satisfies the
requirements of the State or other jurisdiction under whose law it is formed
and ends with “Registered Limited Liability Partnership”, “Limited Liability
Partnership”, “R.L.L.P.”, “L.L.P.”; “RLLP,” or “LLP”;
(2)
the street address of the partnership’s chief executive office and, if
different, the street address of an office of the partnership in this State, if
any;
(3)
if there is no office of the partnership in this State, the name and street
address of the partnership’s agent for service of process; and
(4)
a deferred effective date, if any.
(b)
The agent of a foreign limited liability company for service of process must be
an individual who is a resident of this State or other person authorized to do
business in this State.
(c)
The status of a partnership as a foreign limited liability partnership is
effective on the later of the filing of the statement of foreign qualification
or a date specified in the statement. The status remains effective, regardless
of changes in the partnership, until it is canceled pursuant to Section 105(d)
or revoked pursuant to Section 1003.
(d) An amendment or cancellation of a statement of
foreign qualification is effective when it is filed or on a deferred effective
date specified in the amendment or cancellation.
(a) A foreign entity
registered to do business in this state may withdraw its registration by
delivering a statement of withdrawal to the [Secretary of State] for filing.
The statement of withdrawal must set forth:
(1) the name of the foreign entity and the name of the
jurisdiction under whose law it is formed;
(2) that the entity is not doing business in this
state and that it withdraws its registration to do business in this state;
(3) that the entity revokes the authority of its
registered agent to accept service on its behalf; and
(4) an address to which service of process may be made
under subsection (b).
(b) After the
withdrawal of the registration of a foreign limited liability partnership,
service of process in any action or proceeding based on a cause of action
arising during the time the partnership was registered to do business in this
state may be made by registered or certified mail, return receipt
requested, or by similar commercial delivery service, addressed to the limited
liability partnership at its principal office in accordance with any applicable
judicial rules and procedures and with the envelope conspicuously marked
“important legal notice” or with words of similar import. Service is effected
under this subsection on the earliest of:
(1) the date the entity receives
the mail or delivery by a similar commercial delivery service;
(3) five days after its deposit
with the United States Postal Service, or similar commercial delivery service,
if correctly addressed and with sufficient postage or payment. (c)
If process, notice, or demand cannot be served on a foreign limited liability
partnership pursuant to subsection (b), service may be made by handing a copy
to a supervisor, clerk, or other individual in charge of any regular place of
business of the partnership if the individual served is not a plaintiff in the
action. pursuant to Section 1005.
Section 1111 conforms to HUB Section 1-507 and RULLCA Section 807.
SECTION
1105 1112. ACTION BY
[ATTORNEY GENERAL].
The [Attorney General] may maintain an action to restrain enjoin a
foreign limited liability partnership from transacting doing
business in this State state in violation of this [article]
[act].
SECTION
1201. UNIFORMITY OF APPLICATION AND
CONSTRUCTION. This
[Act] shall be applied and construed to effectuate its general purpose to make
uniform the law with respect to the subject of this [Act] among States enacting
it. In applying and construing this uniform act, consideration must be
given to the need to promote uniformity of the law with respect to its subject
matter among states that enact it.
SECTION
1202. SHORT TITLE. This [Act] may be
cited as the Uniform Partnership Act (1997).
SECTION 1202. RELATION TO ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES IN GLOBAL AND NATIONAL COMMERCE ACT. This [act] modifies, limits, and supersedes the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, 15 U.S.C. Section 7001 et seq., but does not modify, limit, or supersede Section 101(c) of that act, 15 U. S.C. Section 7001(c), or authorize electronic delivery of any of the notices described in Section 103(b) of that act, 15 U.S.C. Section 7003(b).
SECTION
1203. SEVERABILITY CLAUSE. If any provision of this [Act] or its
application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the invalidity does
not affect other provisions or applications of this [Act] which can be given
effect without the invalid provision or application, and to this end the
provisions of this [Act] are severable.
SECTION
1204. EFFECTIVE DATE. This [Act] takes effect . . . . . . . . . . .
. . .
SECTION
1205. REPEALS. Effective January 1, ___, the
following acts and parts of acts are repealed: [the State Partnership Act as
amended and in effect immediately before the effective date of this [Act]].
(a)
Before January 1, ___, this [Act] governs only a partnership formed:
(1) after the effective
date of this [Act], except a partnership that is continuing the business of a
dissolved partnership under [Section 41 of the superseded Uniform Partnership
Act]; and
(2) before the
effective date of this [Act], that elects, as provided by subsection (c), to be
governed by this [Act].
(b) On and after
January 1, ___, this [Act] governs all partnerships.
(c) Before January 1, ___, a partnership voluntarily may
elect, in the manner provided in its partnership agreement or by law for
amending the partnership agreement, to be governed by this [Act]. The
provisions of this [Act] relating to the liability of the partnership’s
partners to third parties apply to limit those partners’ liability to a third
party who had done business with the partnership within one year before the
partnership’s election to be governed by this [Act] only if the third party
knows or has received a notification of the partnership’s election to be
governed by this [Act].
(a) Before
[all-inclusive date], this [act] governs only:
(1) a partnership
formed on or after [the effective date of this act]; and
(2) a partnership formed before [the effective date of this act] which elects, in the manner provided in its partnership agreement or by law for amending the partnership agreement, to be subject to this [act].
(b) On and after
[all-inclusive date] this [act] governs all partnerships.
SECTION
1207 1204. SAVINGS CLAUSE. This [Act] [act] does not
affect an action commenced, or proceeding commenced brought,
or right accrued before this [Act] [act] takes effect.
[Sections 1208 through 1211 are necessary only for
jurisdictions adopting Uniform Limited Liability Partnership Act Amendments
after previously adopting Uniform Partnership Act (1994)]
SECTION
1208 1205. EFFECTIVE DATE. These [Amendments] take effect …
SECTION
1209 1206. REPEALS. Effective January 1, __, [all-inclusive
date], the following acts and parts of acts are repealed: [the Limited
Liability Partnership amendments to the State state Partnership
partnership [Act] [act], as amended, and in effect
immediately before the effective date of these [Amendments] this
[act].
(a) Before January 1,
__, these [Amendments] govern only a limited liability partnership formed:
(1) on or after the
effective date of these [Amendments], unless that partnership is continuing the
business of a dissolved limited liability partnership; and
(2) before the effective date of these
[Amendments], that elects, as provided by subsection (c), to be governed by
these [Amendments].
(b) On and after January 1, __, these
[Amendments] govern all partnerships.
(c) Before January 1, __, a partnership
voluntarily may elect, in the manner provided in its partnership agreement or
by law for amending the partnership agreement, to be governed by these
[Amendments]. The provisions of these [Amendments] relating to the liability of
the partnership’s partners to third parties apply to limit those partners’
liability to a third party who had done business with the partnership within
one year before the partnership’s election to be governed by these
[Amendments], only if the third party knows or has received a notification of
the partnership’s election to be governed by these [Amendments].
(d) The existing
provisions for execution and filing a statement of qualification of a limited
liability partnership continue until either the limited liability partnership
elects to have this [Act] apply or January 1, ____.
SECTION
1211. SAVINGS CLAUSE. These [Amendments] do not affect an action or
proceeding commenced or right accrued before these [Amendments] take effect.
SECTION 1208.
PARTNERSHIP SUBJECT TO AMENDMENT OR REPEAL OF [ACT]. A partnership governed by this [Act] is
subject to any amendment to or repeal of
this [Act]. The [Legislature of this state] has the power to amend or repeal
all or part of this [act] at any time, and all domestic or foreign partnerships
subject to this [act] are governed by the amendment or repeal.
Reporters’ Note
Section 109 conforms prior Section 107 to HUB Section 1-701 but is moved to end of Act.